Performance Exam 2 Flashcards
AROM Elbow Flexion
Introduction/explanation = “I want to see how much you can bend your elbow.”
Start position = supine (towel placed under arm) or sitting
Directions/demonstration = “Can you flex your elbow for me?”
Goniometer axis = lateral epicondyle of humerus
Stationary arm = parallel to humerus
Moveable arm = parallel to radius
Measurement = ~150
Recording = 0-150
AROM Elbow Supination
Introduction/explanation = “I want to see how well you can turn your hand palm up.”
Start position = sitting, elbow flexed to 90, pencil in tight fist, wrist neutral
Directions/demonstration = “Can you turn your hand palm up for me?”
Goniometer axis = head of 3rd metacarpal
Stationary arm = perpendicular to floor
Moveable arm = parallel to pencil
Measurement = ~80
Recording = 0-80
AROM Pronation
Introduction/explanation = “I want to see how well you can turn your hand palm down.”
Start position = sitting, elbow flexed to 90, pencil in tight fist, wrist neutral
Directions/demonstration = “Can you turn your hand palm down?”
Goniometer axis = head of 3rd metacarpal
Stationary arm = perpendicular to floor
Moveable arm = parallel to pencil
Measurement = ~80
Recording = 0-80
AROM Wrist Flexion
Introduction/explanation = “I want to see how well you can flex your wrist.”
Start position = sitting, elbow flexed, forearm resting on table in pronation, wrist in neutral position, hand over edge of table, fingers relaxed
Directions/demonstration = “Can you flex your wrist up while keeping your fingers relaxed.”
Goniometer axis = ulnar styloid process
Stationary arm = parallel to ulna
Moveable arm = parallel to 5th metacarpal
Measurement = ~80
Recording = 0-80
AROM Wrist Extension
Introduction/explanation = “I want to see how well you can extend your wrist.”
Start position = sitting, elbow flexed, forearm resting on table in pronation, wrist in neutral position, hand over edge of table, fingers relaxed
Directions/demonstration = “Can you extend your wrist down while keeping your fingers relaxed.”
Goniometer axis = ulnar styloid process
Stationary arm = parallel to ulna
Moveable arm = parallel to 5th metacarpal
Measurement = ~70
Recording = 0-70
AROM Wrist Ulnar Deviation
Introduction/explanation = “I want to see how well you can move your wrist from side to side.”
Start position = sitting, elbow flexed, forearm pronated, palm wresting on piece of paper, wrist neutral, fingers relaxed
Directions/demonstration = “Can you flex your wrist so that your fingers point away from you?”
Goniometer axis = posterior wrist above the capitate bone
Stationary arm = midline of forearm
Moveable arm = parallel to 3rd metacarpal
Measurement = ~30
Recording = 0-30
AROM Wrist Radial Deviation
Introduction/explanation = “I want to see how well you can move your wrist from side to side.”
Start position = sitting, elbow flexed, forearm pronated, palm wresting on piece of paper, wrist neutral, fingers relaxed
Directions/demonstration = “Can you flex your wrist so that your fingers point toward you?”
Goniometer axis = posterior wrist above the capitate bone
Stationary arm = midline of forearm
Moveable arm = parallel to 3rd metacarpal
Measurement = ~20
Recording = 0-20
MMT Elbow Flexion
Introduction/explanation = “I want to see how strong you can flex your arm.”
Against gravity position = supine, arm at side, elbow extended, forearm supinated, pillow under head
Directions/demonstration = “Can you flex your arm?”
Intermediate grade = 3 if completed against gravity
Stabilization = humerus
Resistance = proximal to wrist on anterior forearm
Gravity eliminated position = sitting (arm supported on table, towel under axilla) or side-lying (arm supported by therapist, pillow under head and leg)
Palpation = biceps brachii
Grade = 0-5
MMT Elbow Extension
Introduction/explanation = “I want to see how strong you can extend your arm.”
Against gravity position = supine, shoulder internally rotated and flexed to 90, elbow flexed, forearm supinated
Directions/demonstration = “Can you try to straighten your arm to the cieling?”
Intermediate grade = 3 if completed against gravity
Stabilization = humerus
Resistance = proximal to wrist on posterior forearm
Gravity eliminated position = sitting (arm supported by table, towel under axilla) or side-lying (arm supported by therapist, pillow under head)
Palpation = triceps brachii
Grade = 0-5
MMT Supination
Introduction/explanation = “I want to see how strong you can turn your wrist palm up.”
Against gravity position = sitting, arm at side, elbow flexed to 90, forearm pronated
Directions/demonstration = “Can you turn your hand palm up?”
Intermediate grade = 3 if completed against gravity
Stabilization = humerus, proximal to elbow on lateral side
Resistance = block posterior surface of distal radius
Gravity eliminated position = supine, arm at side, elbow flexed to 90, forearm pronated
Palpation = biceps brachii (anterior aspect of antecubital fossa); supinator (posterior aspect of forearm, distal to head of radius)
Grade = 0-5
MMT Pronation
Introduction/explanation = “I want to see how strong you can turn your wrist palm down.”
Against gravity position = sitting, arm at side, elbow flexed to 90, forearm supinated
Directions/demonstration = “Can you turn your palm down.”
Intermediate grade = 3 if completed against gravity
Stabilization = humerus on lateral side
Resistance = anterior surface of distal radius, counterpressure on posterior ulna
Gravity eliminated position = supine, arm at side, elbow flexed to 90, forearm supinated
Palpation = pronator teres (proximal 1/3 anterior forearm); pronator quadratus (too deep)
Grade = 0-5
MMT Wrist Flexion
Introduction/explanation = “I want to see how strong you can flex your wrist.”
Against gravity position = sitting, forearm supinated, supported on table, wrist extended, fingers relaxed
Directions/demonstration = “Can you flex your wrist for me?”
Intermediate grade = 3 if completed against gravity
Stabilization = forearm proximal to wrist
Resistance = over hypothenar eminence (palm)
Gravity eliminated position = sitting, forearm in midposition, supported on table, wrist extended, fingers relaxed
Palpation = flexor carpi radialis (anterolateral wrist); flexor carpi ulnaris (anteromedial wrist)
Grade = 0-5
MMT Wrist Extension
Introduction/explanation = “I want to see how strong you can extend your wrist.”
Against gravity position = sitting, forearm pronated, supported on table, wrist extended, fingers relaxed
Directions/demonstration = “Can you extend your wrist for me?”
Intermediate grade = 3 if completed against gravity
Stabilization = forearm proximal to wrist
Resistance = over 2nd and 3rd metacarpals (dorsum)
Gravity eliminated position = sitting, forearm in midposition, supported on table, wrist extended, fingers relaxed
Palpation = extensor carpi radialis longus (dorsal wrist, base of 2nd metacarpal); extensor carpi radialis brevis (base of 3rd metacarpal)
Grade = 0-5
