Perforated Peptic Ulcer Flashcards
What is a perforated peptic ulcer?
An open wound in the small intestine that allows food and gastric contents to leak through the digestive tract.
What is the most common cause of a perforated peptic ulcer?
Helicobacter pylori infection.
List two other causes of perforated peptic ulcer.
- Long-term use of NSAIDs
- Excessive alcohol or smoking
What severe physical stressors can lead to a perforated peptic ulcer?
- Burns
- Sepsis
What syndrome is associated with excessive acid production that can cause perforated peptic ulcers?
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
What is a common symptom of a perforated peptic ulcer?
Severe, acute abdominal pain.
Where does the abdominal pain typically begin in a perforated peptic ulcer?
In the epigastrium.
What is Kehr’s sign?
Shoulder pain due to diaphragmatic irritation.
What are signs of sepsis or shock in advanced cases of perforated peptic ulcer?
- Hypotension
- Tachycardia
- Fever
- Altered mental state
What are two potential complications of a perforated peptic ulcer?
- Peritonitis
- Sepsis
What imaging technique is used to diagnose free air under the diaphragm in perforated peptic ulcer?
X-ray (Upright).
What does a CT scan confirm in the context of a perforated peptic ulcer?
Perforation and shows fluid leakage or abscess.
What laboratory tests indicate inflammation in perforated peptic ulcer?
- Elevated WBC
- Elevated CRP
What is a common treatment for a perforated peptic ulcer?
Resuscitation with IV fluids and broad-spectrum antibiotics.
What surgical intervention is performed for a perforated peptic ulcer?
Laparoscopic or open repair of perforation.
What is the purpose of using an omental patch in surgery for a perforated peptic ulcer?
To close the perforation.
What should be treated postoperatively in patients with a perforated peptic ulcer?
The underlying cause, such as H. pylori eradication.
True or False: NSAIDs should be avoided after treatment for a perforated peptic ulcer.
True.
