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PSYC 3270 > Perceptual disorders > Flashcards

Perceptual disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Achromatopsia

A

Loss of all cone receptors; no color vision, poor vision in lit conditions, poor sptial detail

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2
Q

Congenital analgesia

A

Lack of nociceptors; cannot feel pain, suceptible to infection, injury, and loss of limbs; cause of Leprosy

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3
Q

Cause of total blindness

A

Complete damage to V1

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4
Q

Opposite of blindsight

A

Anton-Babinski syndrome

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5
Q

Visual object agnosia

A

Inability to recognize objects; left occipital lobe (V2), although most common bilateral

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6
Q

Object agnosia for drawings

Location of damage

A

Cannot recognize drawings (2D objects) but can recognize objects in real world
V2

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7
Q

Prosopagnosia locations of damage (2)

A

Bilateral damage to interior temporal area, or:

Right posterior parietal lobe

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8
Q

Cortical motion blindness (akinetopsia)

Location of damage

A

Cannot detect motion

Small visual area (MT, V5)

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9
Q

Hemifield Neglect

Location of damage

A

Inability to recognize and neglect of one side of visual field or body
Right poterior parietal lobe

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10
Q

Dorsal simultanagnosia

Location of damage

A

Inability to see multiple things at same time

Bilateral damage to parietal and occipital lobes

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11
Q

Ventral simultanagnosia

A

Inability to recognize multiple things at same time (can see them)
Bilateral damage to temporal and occipital lobes

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12
Q

Paralexia vs paragraphia

A

Reading only one side of word vs writing only one side of word

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13
Q

Hemiakinesia

A

Poverty of movement of one side of body

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14
Q

Anosognosia

Location

A

Denial of illness or symptoms

Frontal and parietal lobes

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15
Q

Astereognosia (tactile aphasia)

A

Inability to recognize objects from touch

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16
Q

Asomatognosia

Location

A

Loss of knowledge or sense of one’s own body & bodily condition; may be unilaterlal or bilateral loss of sensation
Most common: neglect of left side of body resulting from right hemispheric lesions

17
Q

Somatoparaphrenia and misoplegia

Location

A

Denial of ownership of affected limb or hand
Feelings of revulsion towards limb
Substantial right hemisphere lesions, involving parietal and somatosensory cortex

18
Q

Agnosia

A

Conscious inability to identify sensory stimuli not due to deficits in sensory, verbal, or cognitive abilities

19
Q

Phantom limb phenomenon

A

Sensation of amputed limb

Cortical neurons for that limb may continue to fire but can also occur for congenital limb loss

20
Q

Apraxia

A

Skilled loss of movement that is not caused by weakness; an inability to move; abnormal tone or posture
Intellectual deterioration, poor comprehension, or other disorders of movement such as a tremor

21
Q

Ideomotor apraxia

A

Patient unable to copy movements or make gestures

Left posterior parietal area

22
Q

Constructional apraxia

A

Patients are unable to perform sequenced activities such as assembling, building, or drawing
Either parietal lobe

23
Q

Auditory agnosias

A

Difficulty distinguishing between environmental sounds or environmental from speech sounds

24
Q

Types of auditory agnosias

A

Semantic associative - loss of meaning of spoken words; lesion to left hemisphere (Wernicke’s area)
Discriminitive - cannot interpret non-speech sounds and relate their cause; right hemisphere damage

25
Q

Phonagnosia

A

Inability to recognize or distinguish between voices
Recognition: right parietal
Discrimination: unilateral temporal

26
Q

Amusia

A

Disruption in recognition of music

27
Q

Anosmia

A

Inability to detect odors

28
Q

Hyposmia

A

Decreased ability to detect odors

29
Q

Dysosmia

A

Distorted identification of smell

30
Q

Phantosmia

A

Perception of smell without odor present

31
Q

Causes of anosmia (4)

A

Inflammation of nasal passages
Minor head trauma causing damage to frontal lobe or olfactory cortex
Congenital
Degenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s)

32
Q

Ageusia

A

Inability to taste

33
Q

Hypogeusia

A

Decreased ability to taste

34
Q

Dysgeusia

A

Disordered taste sensation

35
Q

Causes of ageusia (2)

A

Damage to lingual or glossopharyngeal nerve, or chorda tympani
Neurological conditions like Bell’s palsy and MS

36
Q

Time agnosia

A

Loss of comprehension of the succession and duration of events
Damage to basal ganglia (causes slowing of mental processing), schizophrenia, or autism

37
Q

Difference between time agnosia caused by autism and schizophrenia

A

Autism - agnosia for long time intervals

Schizophrenia - all time intervals

PSYC 3270 (8 decks)

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