Perception & Sensation

Question 1

The colored ring of muscles that regulate pupil size

Answer 1

Iris

Question 2

Most prevalent in the periphery of the retina and enables us to see at night

Answer 2

Rods

Question 3

Visual information is more sharply focused here

Answer 3

Fovea

Question 4

Black, adjustable opening in the eye’s center

Answer 4

Pupil

Question 5

Focuses incoming rays into an image on the retina

Answer 5

Lens

Question 6

Are where the optic nerve leaves the eye in which their are no receptor cells, resulting in a blind spot

Answer 6

Optic disk

Question 7

Adapts quickly to bright light and enables us to see in color

Answer 7

Cons

Question 8

Human eyes only perceive three colors: red, blue, and green. Three varieties of cones are sensitive to certain wavelengths. This explains color blindness

Answer 8

Trichromatic theory

Question 9

Suggests that looking at one color for a long period causes those receptor cells to become fatigued. Color vision is the product of opposing pairs of color receptors. Provides an explanation for after image effects

Answer 9

Opponent-process theory

Question 10

Neurotransmitter involved in transmission of pain messages

Answer 10

Substance P

Question 11

Depth cue requiring the use of one eye

Answer 11

Monocular cues

Question 12

Depth cues requiring the use of both eyes

Answer 12

Binocular cues

Question 13

Previous knowledge and expectations influence perception

Answer 13

Top-down processing

Question 14

Analysis that moves from the parts to the whole: data-drive processing

Answer 14

Bottom-up processing

Question 15

Process of detecting a physical stimulus

Answer 15

Process of detecting a physical stimulus. The process of detecting a physical stimulus, such as light, sound, heat or pressure.

Question 16

Minimum amount of physical energy needed to produce a sensation 1/2 the time

Answer 16

Absolute threshold

Question 17

Minimum difference a person can detect between 2 stimuli 1/2 the time

Answer 17

Difference threshold

Question 18

The size of the just noticeable difference will vary depending on its relation to the strength of the original stimulus

Answer 18

Weber’s law

Question 19

Receptor located under the skin that converts pressure and vibration stimulation into neural messages. An encapsulated ending of a sensory.

Answer 19

Pacinian corpuscle

Question 20

The process of integrating, organizing, and interpreting sensations.

Answer 20

Perception

Question 21

Our sensitivity to a stimulus declines after constant exposure

Answer 21

Sensory adaptation

Question 22

Sensory neurons in muscles, joints, and the inner ear that communicate information about body position and movement

Answer 22

Proprioceptors

Question 23

Conversion of physical energy to coded neural signals

Answer 23

Transduction

Question 24

Parallel lines seem to meet in the distance

Answer 24

Linear perspective

Question 25

When you are moving, you use the speed of passing objects to estimate the distance of the objects.

Answer 25

Motion parallax

Question 26

Tendency to perceive objects as constant and unchanging despite changes in sensory input

Answer 26

Perceptual constancy

Question 27

Specialized neurons that collect information from the rods & cones

Answer 27

Bipolar cells

Question 28

Specialized neurons that process visual information in the retina before sending it to the brain

Answer 28

Ganglion cells