Peptic Ulcer Disease Flashcards
What level does the pyloric sphincter sit at?
L1
What structure does the greater omentum adhere to?
the transverse colon
what nerve supplies the pyloric sphincter region?
the nerve of latarjet - which is a branch of the Vagus nerve
posterior ulcers in the first part of the duodenum risk eroding which artery?
the gastroduodenal artery
what structure marks the end of the embryonic foregut?
the duodenal papilla
At what level is the 2nd part of the duodenum?
L2/3
Ulcers in what structure may erode the abdominal aorta?
in the 2nd part of the duodenum
where does the duodenum become the jejunum?
at the duodenojejunal flexure/junction (about level L1)
what ligament anchors the duodenal jejunal flexure to the diaphragm?
Ligament of Treitz
what are the four anatomical regions of the stomach?
cardia, fundus, corpus and antrum
describe the surfaces of the stomach
the surface of the stomach exhibits coarse rugae - infoldings of mucosa and submucosa
microscopically the mucosa is punctuated by gastric pits (glands)
what cells live in which region of the stomach?
ex answer) the … cells live in the corpus of the stomach
Cardia = loosely packed mucous secreting glands
Corpus/Fundus = parietal cells (acid/intrinsic factor/histamine producing)
Antrum = mucous secreting glands and G cells (produce gastrin, serotonin, somatostatin)
by what mechanisms does the stomach protect itself from erosion?
through
1) mucous secretion
2) bicarbonate secretion
3) epithelial barrier
4) Mucosal Blood Flow (provides bicarb, O2, nutrients)
where in the stomach do the strongest peristaltic contractions occur?
in the antrum
Increased gastric emptying occurs as a result of what?
- mechanical distension
- increased parasympathetic activity
- action of gastrin (produced by G cells)
