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PEP - Mathematics > PEP Mathematics > Flashcards

PEP Mathematics Flashcards

1
Q

Absolute Value

A

The absolute value of a number is its distance from zero.

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2
Q

Acute Angle

A

An angle whose measure is greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees.

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3
Q

Acute Triangle

A

A triangle in which all three angles are acute angles.

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4
Q

Circumference

A

The distance around a circle. Its length is the product of the diameter of the circle and pi.

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5
Q

Composite Number

A

a number that is not necessarily even, but has more than two factors

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6
Q

Congruent

A

Used to refer to angles or sides having the same measure and to polygons that have the same shape and size.

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7
Q

Conjecture

A

An assumption that is thought to be true based on observations.

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8
Q

Counterclockwise

A

A circular movement opposite to the direction of the movement of the hands of a clock.

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9
Q

Denominator

A

The denominator of a fraction indicates into how many equal parts the whole is divided. The denominator appears beneath the fraction bar.

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10
Q

Diameter

A

A segment with endpoints on the circle that passes through its center.

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11
Q

Dividend

A

The quantity that is to be divided.

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12
Q

Divisor

A

The quantity by which the dividend is divided.

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13
Q

Elements

A

Members of a set.

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14
Q

Equation

A

A math sentence using the equal sign to state that two expressions represent the same number.

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15
Q

Equilateral Triangle

A

An equilateral triangle is a triangle with three congruent sides. An equilateral triangle also has three congruent angles, which we can also call equiangular triangle.

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16
Q

Exponent

A

Suppose that n is a whole number. Then, for any number x, the nth power of x, or x to the nth power, is the product of n factors of the number x. This number is usually written x^n. The number x is usually called the base of the expression x^n, and n is called the exponent.

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17
Q

Exponential Notation

A

A notation that expresses a number in terms of a base and an exponent.

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18
Q

Factor

A

An integer that divides evenly into a dividend. Use interchangeably with divisor except in the Division Algorithm.

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19
Q

Greatest Common Factor, GCF

A

Suppose m and n are positive integers. An integer d is a common factor of m and n if d is a factor of both m and n. The greatest common factor, or GCF, of m and n is the greatest positive integer that is a factor of both m and n. We write the GCF of m and n as GCF (m,n).

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20
Q

Hypotenuse

A

The side opposite the right angle in a right triangle.

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21
Q

Improper Fraction

A

A fraction in which the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator.

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22
Q

Integers

A

The collection of integers is composed of the counting numbers, the negatives, and zero; … −4, −3, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4…

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23
Q

Isosceles Triangle

A

A triangle with at least two sides of equal length.

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24
Q

Least Common Denominator

A

The least common denominator of the fractions p/n and k/m is the least common multiple of n and m, LCM(n, m).

25
Least Common Multiple, LCM
The integers a and b are positive. An integer m is a common multiple of a and b if m is a multiple of both a and b. The least common multiple, or LCM, of a and b is the smallest integer that is a common multiple of a and b. We write the LCM of a and b as LCM (a,b).
26
Line graph
A graph used to display data that occurs in a sequence. Consecutive points are connected by segments.
27
Mean
The average of a set of data; sum of the data divided by the number of items. Also called the arithmetic mean or average.
28
Median
The middle value of a set of data arranged in increasing or decreasing order. If the set has an even number of items the median is the average of the middle two items.
29
Mode
The value of the element that appears most frequently in a data set.
30
Numerator
The expression written above the fraction bar in a common fraction to indicate the number of parts counted.
31
Obtuse Angle
An angle whose measure is greater than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees.
32
Obtuse Triangle
A triangle that has one obtuse angle.
33
Parallel Lines
Two lines in a plane that never intersect.
34
Parallelogram
A parallelogram is a four-sided figure with opposite sides parallel.
35
A parallelogram is a four-sided figure with opposite sides parallel.
A way of expressing a number as parts out of 100; the numerator of a ratio with a denominator of 100.
36
Perimeter
The perimeter of a polygon is the sum of the lengths of its sides.
37
Perpendicular
Two lines or segments are perpendicular if they intersect to form a right angle.
38
Polygon
A simple, closed, plane figure formed by three or more line segments.
39
Proper Fraction
A fraction whose value is greater than 0 and less than 1.
40
Quadrilateral
A plane figure with four straight edges and four angles.
41
Quotient
The result obtained by doing division. See the Division Algorithm for a different use of quotient.
42
Radius
The distance from the center of a circle to a point on the circle. Plural form is radii.
43
Ratio
A division comparison of two quantities with or without the same units. If the units are different they must be expressed to make the ratio meaningful.
44
Right Angle
An angle formed by the intersection of perpendicular lines; an angle whose measure is 90º.
45
Right Triangle
A triangle that contains a right angle.
46
Scalene Triangle
A triangle with all three sides of different lengths is called a scalene triangle.
47
Set
A collection of objects or elements.
48
Simplest Form of a Fraction
A form of a fraction in which the greatest common factor of the numerator and denominator is 1.
49
Simplifying
The process of finding equivalent fractions to obtain the simplest form.
50
Straight Angle
An angle with a measure of 180 degrees formed by opposite rays.
51
Trapezoid
A four sided plane figure with exactly one set of parallel sides.
52
Variable
A letter or symbol that represents an unknown quantity.
53
Venn Diagram
A diagram involving two or more overlapping circles that aids in organizing data.
54
Vertex
The common endpoint of two rays forming an angle. | A point of a polygon or polyhedron where edges meet.
55
Volume
A measure of space; the number of unit cubes needed to fill a three-dimensional shape.
56
Whole Numbers
The whole numbers are the numbers in the following never-ending sequence: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, .... These numbers are also called the non-negative integers.
57
x-axis
The horizontal axis of a coordinate plane.
58
y-axis
The vertical axis of a coordinate plane.

PEP - Mathematics (1 decks)

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