peoples and terms

Question 1

Old Regime

Answer 1

The social and political system of France in the 1770s.

Question 2

Tithe

Answer 2

a religious tax imposed by the church compromising agricultural produce.

Question 3

King Louis XVI

Answer 3

The king of France from 1774 to 1792. He was the last king before the fall of the monarchy. He would spend much of the money on himself and didn’t deal with the debt of the government well. Weak leader

Question 4

Esates

Answer 4

The three large social classes of the political system of the Old Regime.

Question 5

Marie Antoinette

Answer 5

Louis XVI wife (the queen). She also used much of the money for the government on herself. She didn’t give good advice to Louis.

Question 6

Estates General

Answer 6

The second estate forced Louis XVI to call a meeting for the tax he was imposing. It was an assembly of representatives from all three estates.

Question 7

National Assembly

Answer 7

What the third estate named themselves to pass laws and reforms in the name of the French people.

Question 8

Tennis Court Oath

Answer 8

The third estate delegates had found they were locked out of their meeting room so they broke down the door to the indoor tennis courts and pledged to stay until they made a new constitution.

Question 9

Great Fear

Answer 9

Rumors circled saying that nobles were hiring outlaws to kill peasants.This caused wide panic to spread through France.

Question 10

Legislative Assembly

Answer 10

A new legislative body in France that had the power to create laws and to approve or reject declarations of war. The king however still had the power to enforce laws.

Question 11

Émigré

Answer 11

People who had fled France and hoped to undo the revolution and bring back the Old Regime.

Question 12

Sans-culotte

Answer 12

Some people like shopkeepers who wanted the revolution to bring greater changes to France. They wore regular trousers. They soon discovered how to exert their power on the streets of power.

Question 13

Jacobin

Answer 13

Most of the people who were involved in the governmental changes were involved in a radical political organization called the Jacobin club.

Question 14

Guillotine

Answer 14

A machine that was created to behead people.

Question 15

Maximilien Robespierre

Answer 15

A Jacobin leader that slowly gained power. He and his people set out to build a “republic of virtue” that wiped out all of France’s past.

Question 16

Reign of Terror

Answer 16

The period of Robespeirre’s dictatorship of France.

Question 17

Napoleon Bonaparte

Answer 17

He was born in 1769 and was a military commander and emperor of France during the French Revolution. He led successful campaigns during the war.

Question 18

Coup d’etat

Answer 18

A sudden seizure of power that means “ blow to the state”.

Question 19

Plebiscite

Answer 19

A vote from the people.

Question 20

Lycee

Answer 20

Government ran public schools.

Question 21

Concordat

Answer 21

An agreement.

Question 22

Napoleonic Code

Answer 22

Napoleon’s comprehensive system of laws.

Question 23

Battle of Trafalgar

Answer 23

Napoleon only lost one battle. The battle was more important than all his victories.

Question 24

Blockade

Answer 24

A forcible closing of ports to prevent trade and communication between other nations.

Question 25

Continental System

Answer 25

The blockade Napoleon set up from Great Britain and other European Nations policy. It was supposed to make continental Europe more self-sufficient and to destroy Britain’s commercial and industrial economy.

Question 26

Guerilla

Answer 26

Bands of Spanish peasant fighters.

Question 27

Peninsular War

Answer 27

Napoleon invaded Spain and made his brother hold the throne. This enraged the people of Spain. The people of Spain struck at French armies in Spain. They would attack and then flee into hiding. Napoleon lost over 300,000 men during the battle. It weakened the French empire.

Question 28

Scorched Earth Policy

Answer 28

Burning grain fields and slaughtering live-stock so it leaves nothing for an enemy to eat.

Question 29

Battle of Waterloo

Answer 29

Napoleon attacked a village called Waterloo in Belgium. The British army defended their ground. The British and Prussian army eventually drove the French army out and chased them out. It ended Napoleon’s last bid for power.

Question 30

Hundred Days

Answer 30

Napoleon’s bid of power.

Question 31

Congress of Vienna

Answer 31

A series of meetings in Vienna that were made to set up policies that helped set up collective security and stability for the entire continent of Europe.

Question 32

Klemens von Metternich

Answer 32

An influential representative and was the foreign minister of Austria.

Question 33

Balance of power

Answer 33

No country is a threat to another.

Question 34

Legitimacy

Answer 34

All the rulers who Napoleon had driven out of power were able to restore their thrones.

Question 35

Holy Alliance

Answer 35

Czar Alexander I, Emperor Francis I of Austria, and King Frederick William III of Prussia signed an alliance. In it it says they pledged to base their relations with other nations on Christian principles in order to combat the forces of revolution.

Question 36

Concert of Europe

Answer 36

A series of alliances devised by Metternich. It ensured that the nations would help one another if any revolutions broke out.