People in Business

Question 1

Motivation

Answer 1

The factors that influence the behavior of workers towards achieving business goals

Question 2

What are some factors that motivation people?

Answer 2

Increased pay
Chance of promotion
Option to work from home
Option to work flexible hours
Increased variety of tasks

Question 3

What are the benefits of having a motivated workforce

Answer 3

More competitive
Improved productivity
Low absence rate
Better quality goods and services
Low rate of labour turnover

Question 4

Labour productivity

Answer 4

A measure of the efficiency of workers by calculating output per worker

Question 5

Labour turnover

Answer 5

The rate at which workers leave a business

Question 6

What is Maslow’s hierarchy

Answer 6

Maslow believed that humans have five levels of need

Question 7

What are the five levels of human needs

Answer 7

Physical needs
Safety needs
Social needs
Esteem needs
Self-actualisation

Question 8

Financial rewards

Answer 8

Cash and non cash rewards are paid to workers which are often used to motivate workers to increase their efforts

Question 9

Non-financial rewards

Answer 9

Methods used to motivate workers that do not involve giving financial rewards

Question 10

Hourly wage rate

Answer 10

Payment based on how many hours are worked

Question 11

Salary

Answer 11

Fixed annual payments not based on output

Question 12

Piece-rate

Answer 12

Payments to workers based on the number of units produced

Question 13

Commission

Answer 13

Payment to sales staff based on the value of the items they sell

Question 14

Bonus

Answer 14

Additional rewards paid to workers for achieving targets set by managers

Question 15

Job rotation

Answer 15

Increasing variety in the workplace by allowing workers to switch from one task to another

Question 16

Job enlargement

Answer 16

Increasing or widening tasks to increase variety for workers

Question 17

Job enrichment

Answer 17

Organizing work so that the workers are encouraged to use their full abilities

Question 18

Quality circles

Answer 18

Groups of workers who meet regularly to discuss work related issues. They suggest improvements which are presented to the managers and good ideas are introduced into the workplace.

Question 19

Hierarchy

Answer 19

the number of levels in an organizational structure

Question 20

Chain of command

Answer 20

The route through which authority is passed down through an organization

Question 21

Delegation

Answer 21

Passing authority down through the organizational hierarchy to a subordinate

Question 22

Span of control

Answer 22

The number of subordinates reporting to each supervisor or manager

Question 23

Delayering

Answer 23

Removing levels from the hierarchy e.g middle management

Question 24

What is an advantage of delayering

Answer 24

It reduces the chain of command so communication and decision making should be quicker and more effective

Question 25

What is a disadvantage of delayering

Answer 25

Increases the workload for managers

Question 26

Centralized organization

Answer 26

One where all the important decision making power is held at corporate

Question 27

Decentralized organization

Answer 27

One where the decision making powers are passed down the organization to lower levels

Question 28

Adv of centralized organization

Answer 28

Decision making is often quicker

Question 29

Dis of centralized organization

Answer 29

Unable to respond quickly to changes in local markets

Question 30

Adv of decentralized organization

Answer 30

Decisions are made on local needs

Question 31

Dis of decentralized organizations

Answer 31

Decisions taken might not be in the interests of the whole business

Question 32

Autocratic leadership

Answer 32

A leadership style where the leader makes all the decisions

Question 33

Democratic leadership

Answer 33

A leadership style where workers take part in decision making

Question 34

Laissez-faire leadership

Answer 34

A leadership style where most of the decisions are left to the workers

Question 35

Trade union

Answer 35

An organization of workers aimed at improving pay and working conditions and providing other services such as legal advice for members

Question 36

Benefits of trade unions

Answer 36

Strength in numbers | Legal advice

Question 37

Internal recruitment

Answer 37

Filling a vacancy with someone already employed in the business

Question 38

External recruitment

Answer 38

Filling a vacant post with someone not already employed in the business

Question 39

Induction training

Answer 39

Help new recruits become familiar with their workplace, the people they work with and the procedures they need to follow

Question 40

On the job training

Answer 40

Training at the place of work. Watching or following an experienced worker

Question 41

Off the job training

Answer 41

Training that takes place away from the workplace, for example at college, uni or specialist training places

Question 42

Resignation

Answer 42

The worker no longer wants to be employed with the business

Question 43

Retirement

Answer 43

The worker is too old to stay employed with the business

Question 44

Redundancy

Answer 44

The worker is no longer needed by the business

Question 45

Dismissal

Answer 45

The worker has broken a rule or has not been working to the expected standards so is no longer welcome as an employee at the business

Question 46

Legal controls over employment issues

Answer 46

``` Contracts Discrimination Health and safety Minimum wage Unfair dismissal ```

Question 47

Types of communication

Answer 47

Oral Written Electronic Visual