Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Genetics > People & Discovery > Flashcards

People & Discovery Flashcards

People and discoveries without year.

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Hippocrates

A

Develops the pangenesis theory; believes that upon conception, various organ seedlings (gemmules) from the parents combine, and their respective parts are transmitted and blended together to form various parts of the offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Aristotle

A

Publishes History of Animals and Generation of Animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Robert Hooke

A

Publishes Micrographia; uses the word “cell” to describe the structure of a cork

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

A

Uses improved microscopes to study many biological specimens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Nicolaas Hartsoeker

A

Illustrates “homunculus” in microscopic observation of a sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Carolus Linnaeus

A

Develops the scientific classification system and the binomial nomenclature system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Joseph Kolreuter

A

Systematically studies genetic crosses using tobacco plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

John Dalton

A

Describes red–green colorblindness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

A

Proposes the inheritance of acquired traits theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Robert Brown

A

Describes and names the “nucleus”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Matthias Schleiden

A

Proposes that the nucleus plays a role in cell reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Matthias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann, & Rudolf Virchow

A

Develop the cell theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Charles Darwin & Alfred Russel Wallace

A

Jointly present the theory of evolution by natural selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Charles Darwin

A

Publishes On the Origin of Species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Gregor Mendel

A

Presents and publishes Experiments on Plant Hybridization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Friedrich Miescher

A

Discovers “nuclein” (DNA) in white blood cells, later known as nucleic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Robert Koch

A

Identifies the bacterium anthrax and associates microorganisms with infectious diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Walther Flemming

A

Describes the behavior of chromosomes during mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

August Weismann

A

Makes the connection between meiosis, sexual reproduction, and genetic variation and proposes the germ-plasm theory of heredity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hugo de Vries

A

Names “pangenes” as the physical particle responsible for inheritance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Carl Correns, Hugo de Vries, & Erich von Tschermak

A

Independently rediscover and confirm Mendel’s principles of inheritance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Karl Landsteiner

A

Identifies the main blood types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Albrecht Kossel

A

Identifies the five nucleotides in the nuclear material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Udny Yule & William Castle

A

Observe the constant allele frequency in non-evolving populations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Archibald Garrod

A

Describes the genetic disease alkaptonuria and “inborn errors of metabolism”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Walter Sutton & Theodor Boveri

A

Observe chromosome separation during meiosis and link meiosis to Mendelian genetics; propose the chromosome theory of inheritance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Konstantin Mereschkowski

A

Proposes the theory of endosymbiosis

28
Q

Edmund Beecher Wilson

A

Discovers the arrangement of sex chromosomes in humans

29
Q

William Bateson

A

Coins the word “genetics” and shows some genes are linked (with Reginald Punnett)

30
Q

Nettie Stevens & Edmund Wilson

A

Independently describe sex chromosomes: XX determines female; XY determines male

31
Q

Godfrey Hardy & Wilhelm Weinberg

A

Establish the Hardy-Weinberg Theorem

32
Q

Thomas Hunt Morgan

A

Discovers that chromosomes carry genes from his studies of flies; proposes sex-linked inheritance and provides evidence supporting the chromosome theory of inheritance

33
Q

Alfred Sturtevant

A

Creates the first linkage map with Thomas Morgan

34
Q

Estella Elinor Carothers

A

Demonstrates that chromosomes are independently sorted during cell division in grasshopper testes

35
Q

Ronald Fisher, Sewall Wright, & J.B.S.Haldane

A

Publish “The Correlation between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Genetics” and launch the modern synthesis of evolution

36
Q

Phoebus Levene

A

Identifies deoxyribose as a component of DNA

37
Q

Fred Griffith

A

Discovers the transformation of bacteria using virulent and non-virulent bacteria

38
Q

Theodosius Dobzhansky

A

Publishes “Genetics and the Origin of Species” and merges genetics and evolutionary biology

39
Q

G. Ledyard Stebbins

A

Proposes polyploidy as a means of sympatric speciation

40
Q

Edward Tatum & George Beadle

A

Propose the one gene encodes for one protein theory

41
Q

Ernst Mayr

A

Proposes the “biological species concept”

42
Q

Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, & Maclyn McCarty

A

Isolate DNA as the genetic material

43
Q

Werner Aber

A

Discovers restriction enzymes

44
Q

Erwin Chargaff

A

Proposes the “Chargaff” rule of A-T, G-C pairing

45
Q

Rosalind Franklin

A

Obtains X-ray diffraction images of DNA

46
Q

Alfred Hershey & Martha Chase

A

Demonstrate that DNA rather than proteins carry genetic information

47
Q

Francis Crick & James Watson

A

Francis Crick & James Watson

48
Q

Stanley Miller & Harold Urey

A

Demonstrate the formation of simple organic molecules from molecules thought to be abundant on early Earth

49
Q

Matthew Meselson & Frank Stahl

A

Elucidate the mechanism of semiconservative replication of DNA

50
Q

Arthur Kornberg & Severo Ochoa

A

Purify DNA polymerase I from E.coli

51
Q

Howard Temin & Satoshi Mizutani

A

Discover reverse transcriptase

52
Q

Marshall Nirenberg, Heinrich J.Matthaei, Philip Leder, & Gobind Khorana

A

Resolve the genetic code as being comprised of triplet mRNA codons

53
Q

Thomas Brock

A

Discovers thermophilic bacteria in Yellowstone National Park, which eventually leads to the discovery of Taq polymerase, which is used in PCR

54
Q

Hamilton Smith & Kent Wilcox

A

Isolate and purify the first restriction enzyme, Hind II

55
Q

Paul Berg

A

Produces the first recombinant DNA molecules

56
Q

Stanley Cohen, JF Morrow & Annie Chang

A

Clone the first animal gene

57
Q

Herb Boyer

A

Co-founds the first biotech company, Genentech

58
Q

Frederick Sanger

A

Develops the chain termination method for sequencing DNA

59
Q

Kary B Mullis

A

Describes the polymerase chain reaction

60
Q

Collaborative project 1988

A

The Human Genome Project is launched

61
Q

Thomas Cech & Sidney Altman

A

Discover ribozyme

62
Q

Alec Jeffreys

A

Develops techniques for DNA fingerprinting

63
Q

Francis Collins

A

Identifies the cystic fibrosis gene

64
Q

Collaborative project - 1993

A

The Food and Drug Administration announces that the genetically modified Flavr Savr tomato is as safe as tomatoes bred by conventional means; it is the first commercially grown genetically engineered food to be granted a license for human consumption

65
Q

Collaborative project - 1995

A

The development of automated sequencing technology accelerates genome projects

66
Q

Collaborative project -2000

A

The Drosophila genome is completed; the Arabidopsis genome is completed; the human genome is reported to be completed.

67
Q

Collaborative project - 2001

A

The sequence of the human genome is released, and the “post-genomic era” officially begins.

Genetics (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions