People and what they did. Flashcards
Who was Charles G Dawes?
Charles G Dawes was an American banker who was asked by the Allies to help solve the problem of Weimar Germany not being able to pay its reparations bill.
When was Charles G Dawes important?
Charles G Dawes was important in 1924.
Why was Charles G Dawes important to the Weimar Republic?
1 reason
Charles G Dawes was important because he negotiated the Dawes Plan with Gustav Stresemann. This plan helped Weimar Germany end the hyperinflation crisis, stabilise the currency and organise American loans to Weimar Germany to support their economy.
Who was Anton Drexler?
Anton Drexler was a German locksmith who created the German Workers’ Party (DAP), a right-wing nationalist political party.
When was Anton Drexler important?
Anton Drexler was important from 1919 to 1921.
Why was Anton Drexler important to the Weimar Republic?
3 key reasons
-Anton Drexler was important due to 3 key reasons:
He set up the German Workers’ Party (DAP) which eventually became the Nazi Party. The DAP was a right-wing nationalist party that was anti-Semitic and despised the Treaty of Versailles.
- With Hitler, he wrote the Twenty-Five Point Programme in January 1920, which outlined the party’s policies.
- He was replaced by Hitler as the leader of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in July 1921.
Who was Friedrich Ebert?
Friedrich Ebert was the leader of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) in Germany and involved with the creation of the Weimar Republic.
When was Friedrich Ebert in power?
Ebert became the last chancellor of the kaiser’s government on 9th November 1918. After the war, he became the first president of the Weimar Republic in February 1919 and held office until February 1925.
Why was Friedrich Ebert important?
Ebert was important for 5 main reasons:
- He helped Germany change from a monarchy under Kaiser Wilhelm II to the Weimar Republic, a democracy.
- He helped create the new constitution.
- He was one of the politicians who signed the Treaty of Versailles and became known as one of the ‘November Criminals’.
- He worked with the kaiser’s civil servants to keep the country running as the country changed from a monarchy to a republic.
- He did a deal with General Groener so that he and the army would work together to stop the communists from taking power.
Who was Joseph Goebbels?
Joseph Goebbels tried to develop a career in journalism and writing novels and plays. He joined the Nazi Party and became one of its leading officials.
When was Joseph Goebbels important?
Joseph Goebbels was important between 1924 when he joined the Nazi Party, and 1945 when he committed suicide.
What was Joseph Goebbels famous for?
4 key roles
Joseph Goebbels had 4 key roles in the Nazi Party:
- He became the party leader in Berlin in 1926.
- He became a member of the Reichstag in 1928.
- He was put in charge of propaganda for the Nazi Party in 1928.
- He was made the minister of people’s enlightenment and propaganda in March 1933.
When did Joseph Goebbels die?
1945, when he committed suicide.
Who was Rudolf Hess?
Rudolf Hess was a wealthy academic who had fought in the German Army during the First World War and trained as a pilot in 1918. He later became Hitler’s right-hand man and deputy Führer.
When was Rudolf Hess important?
Rudolf Hess was important between 1920 and 1941.
What role did Rudolf Hess play in the Nazi Party?
3 key reasons
Rudolf Hess was important because of 3 key reasons:
- He joined the NSDAP in 1920 and became Hitler’s deputy in 1933.
- He took part in the Nazi Party’s failed Munich Beer Hall Putsch in 1923.
- He betrayed Hitler when he flew to Britain in 1941 to ask for peace. He was arrested and treated as a prisoner of war.
Who was Reinhard Heydrich?
Reinhard Heydrich was a naval officer between 1922 and 1931. He was a leading Nazi official.
When was Reinhard Heydrich important?
Reinhard Heydrich was important between 1931 and 1942.
Why was Reinhard Heydrich important in Nazi Germany?
4 key roles
Reinhard Heydrich was an important figure in the Nazi Party holding 4 key roles under the regime:
- He joined the SS in August 1931.
- He became the leader of the Security Service (Sicherheitsdienst; SD).
- In April 1933, he was made the deputy-leader, under Himmler, of the Gestapo, or secret police. In 1934 he became the leader of the Gestapo.
- In September 1939, Heydrich became the leader of a new organisation called the Reich Security Main Office (Reichssicherheitshauptamt or RSHA). This was created by merging the Gestapo and SD.
Who was Heinrich Himmler?
Who was Heinrich Himmler?
Heinrich Himmler was a soldier in the German Army during the First World War and had several jobs after the war, including raising chickens. He joined the Nazi Party and was one of the party’s leading officials.
When was Heinrich Himmler important?
Heinrich Himmler was important from 1925, when he joined the Nazi Party, until 1945 when he committed suicide.
What role did Heinrich Himmler play in the Nazi Party?
4 main roles
Heinrich Himmler had 4 main roles in the Nazi Party:
- He was appointed head of the SS, Schutzstaffel or ‘Blackshirts’ in 1929.
- He became head of the Munich police, the commander of all German police and set up the first concentration camp at Dachau in 1933.
- He was appointed the minister for the interior in 1943.
- He played a major role in the ‘Final Solution’, the mass murder of all Jews in Europe.
When did Heinrich Himmler die?
Heinrich Himmler committed suicide on 23rd May, 1945.
Who was Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg?
Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg was an important German military figure in the First World War and was elected the second president of the Weimar Republic.
When was Field Marshal Hindenburg important?
Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg was important from 1914 to 1934.
Why was Field Marshal Hindenburg important during WW1 and immediately after?
He ruled Germany as part of a military dictatorship until October 1918.
It was Hindenburg who told the kaiser that the German Army would not continue to fight in October 1918.
What was significance of Field Marshal Hindenburg in the Weimar Republic?
6 key reasons
Paul von Hindenburg played a significant role in the Weimar Republic for 6 key reasons:
- He became the commander of the Germany army in 1916 and was in charge when Germany surrendered in November 1918. He allowed General von Ludendorff to take the blame for the defeat.
- He was elected president of the Weimar Republic in April 1925.
- Hitler opposed him in the presidential elections in March and April 1932 and lost.
-Hindenburg is best known for attempting to block Hitler from becoming the chancellor of Weimar Germany.
However, he was persuaded by Franz von Papen to appoint Hitler as chancellor on 30th January, 1933 and thus aided the collapse of the Weimar Republic.
-His death in 1934 was a key event in Hitler’s creation of a dictatorship as Hitler merged the role of chancellor and president into one: the Führer.
When did Paul von Hindenburg die?
President Paul von Hindenburg died on 2nd August, 1934.
Who was Hitler?
Adolf Hitler was the leader of the Nazi Party. In 1933 he became the chancellor of Germany. He was called the Führer from 1934 onwards. During his dictatorship - which ran between 1933 and 1945 - he started the Second World War.
When was Hitler born?
Hitler was born in Austria, in April 1889.
What was Hitler’s early life like?
There were 5 main events in Hitler’s early life:
- Hitler had a turbulent upbringing and was beaten by his father. He was very close to his mother and was heavily traumatised when she died when he was just 18 years old.
- Hitler’s early life saw him attempt a career as an artist - however he was rejected from art school in Vienna and became homeless for several years.
- During the First World War, he won the Iron Cross for bravery while delivering an important message on the front line.
- Hitler hated that Germany lost the war and later came to despise the Treaty of Versailles and the politicians who signed it.
- He hated the new Weimar government and joined the little known German Workers’ Party in 1919.
When was Hitler in power?
Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany by President Paul von Hindenburg on 30th January, 1933. He became the Führer - a German word meaning leader - in 1934.
