People And Forest And Agriculture Flashcards
It is the art and science of cultivating the
soil, growing crops, and raising livestock.
Agriculture
It includes the preparation of plant and animal products for people to use and their distribution to markets.
Agriculture
The history and development of agriculture is intimately related to the
Development of Civilization
During their early history, human survived as foragers or hunter gatherers (200,000 years) before
the agricultural revolution (10,000–12,000 years ago)
Prehistoric period
They hunted wild animals and gathered wild fruits and roots
Foragers
They are knowledgeable on which plants are
edible and which ones are poisonous
Early foragers
Early foragers diet is consisted of
2300 calories
of it their diet was plant based particularly fruits, roots, and greenery
2/3
Agriculture started about in several areas of the
world.
10 000 years ago
An area known as the ‘Fertile Crescent’ of Mesopotamia
Near east
often referred to as the birthplace
of agriculture
Fertile Crescent (Near East)
Include countries like Iran, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and Israel.
Near East
among the first inhabitants of the Fertile Crescent,
known for gathering wild grains and hunting animals
Natufians
among the first inhabitants of the Fertile Crescent,
known for gathering wild grains and hunting animals
Natufians
Plants domesticated include wheat,
barley, pea, and lentil, while animals
include goats, sheep, and dogs.
Plants domesticated include wheat, barley, pea, and lentil, while animals include goats, sheep, and dogs.
Near east
Numerous excavations have revealed tools, grinding
stones, sickles, and various domesticated plants and
animals, indicating advanced knowledge of agriculture before full adoption.
Near east
Numerous excavations have revealed tools, grinding
stones, sickles, and various domesticated plants and
animals, indicating advanced knowledge of agriculture before full adoption.
Near east
Southeast Asia particularly the Yellow and Yangtze river valleys in China
Far east
Southeast Asia particularly the Yellow and Yangtze river valleys in China
Far east
Agricultural practices date back approximately
9,000 years, with early cultivation focusing on millet and wheat.
Yellow River
The region developed advanced irrigation systems and farming techniques to manage the seasonal
flooding of the river, which helped sustain crop production.
Yellow River
focus on rice cultivation due to the region’s favorable climate and abundant rainfall.
Yangtze River
Home of two major civilizations Aztec and Mayan
Tehuacán Valley (Mexico)
The mayan Corn God
Yam Kaax
The corn God in the son of and the husband of
Tlazolteotl and Xochiquetzal
God of Maize
Centeotl
features a diverse climate and varied topography, which made it suitable for different types of agriculture. Its fertile soil, abundant water supply, and a favorable growing season contributed to
early agricultural practices.
Tehuacán Valley
located in southern Egypt, along the Nile River.
Aswan
Its climate is predominantly arid, characterized by high temperatures and low rainfall.
Aswan
The agriculture in the aswan started
5000 years ago
developed sophisticated irrigation systems to
maximize agricultural production.
Ancient Egyptian
practiced crop rotation to maintain soil fertility and
maximize yields.
Ancient Egyptian
Farmers in Aswan used simple tools such as
Wooden plows and sickles
characterized by a Mediterranean climate
with seasonal rainfall
Fertile Crescent
features a temperate climate with distinct wet and dry seasons
Yellow River Valley
subtropical climate with ample rainfall
Yangtze River
features a semi-arid climate with seasonal rainfall
Tehuacán Valley
features a semi-arid climate with seasonal rainfall
Tehuacán Valley
arid climate with extreme temperatures; relies on Nile flooding for irrigation
Aswan
Extensive irrigation systems, including canals
and rice paddies; advanced fertilization methods.
Yangtze
Early forms of terrace farming, irrigation, and
crop rotation; development of the milpa system (swidden agriculture).
Tehuacán Valley
Advanced irrigation systems (including the High Aswan Dam), crop rotation, and the use of
floodwaters for agriculture
Aswan
Development of irrigation, plowing techniques, and storage facilities.
Fertile Crescent
Terracing, flood control techniques, and the use of
animal power for plowing
Yellow River
led to large scale agriculture
Industrialization
It greatly increased areas under cultivation and greatly increased productivity/acre.
Industrialization
allowed the development of large cities, even in ancient times and the exchange of crop plants worldwide
Increased population growth
the Aztecs developed sophisticated irrigation
system to expand areas of cultivation and yield
1100 - 1300
the Romans were using crop rotation, manure, grafting, and experimenting with plant varieties
200 CE
