People

Question 1

Nicolaus Copernicus

Answer 1

• published “on the revolution of the heavenly bodies

- learned that planets revolve are the sun

Question 2

Kelper law

Answer 2

Planets revolve in ellipses rather that a circle

Question 3

Galileo discovers

Answer 3

BUILDS FRIST TELESCOPE

• published “starry messenger”
• sun has dark spots
• jupter has 4 moons at the time

Question 4

Galileos conflict with church

Answer 4

• the church feared him bc what he throught went against the church teachings
• church told him to quit
• published “Dialogue concerning the two chief world system
• had to go on trial at Inquisition
• he was to tell everyone he was wrong
• lived under house arrest
• took back what he sai

Question 5

Scientific method

Answer 5

Made by Francis Bacon

Step to solve issues

Question 6

Francis bacon

Answer 6

Made the scientific method
Developed empiricism
- empiricism is to draw conclusion from experiments and NOT theroys

Question 7

Rene Descartes

Answer 7

French mathematics
-learned from logic and math
- DOUBTS EVERYTHING TILL PROVING WRONG
“- I think, therefore I am”

Question 8

Newton

Answer 8

English scienist

-brought old astronomers and physicits under one law

Question 9

Newton’s law of gravity

Answer 9

Every object r affected equally by gavity

• every object attracts another
• gravity controls planets
• DEISM- God created the universe and then just let it go naturaly

Question 10

Scientific revolution spreads

Answer 10

• Zacharias Janssen- microscope
  -Anton van Leeuwenhoek- discovered bacteria and red blood cells
  -Gabriel Fahrenheit- thermometer
  Evan gelista Torricelli- Mercury barometer

Question 11

Medicine and human body

Answer 11

Andreas Vesalius- dissected human corpse and proved scientists wrong by the fact that the human body is like a pig’s inside
-Edward Jenner- made first vaccine

Question 12

Robert boyle

Answer 12

• use scientific method
• challenge The view that there was four basic elements he believed that small particles came to together to form all objects

Question 13

Boyle law

Answer 13

Volume, temperature and pressure of gas affect each other

Question 14

Hobbes

Answer 14

All men are naturally selfish and wicked government needs to keep people in order
- believed in absolute monarchy

Question 15

Social contract

Answer 15

People needed to hand over some rights and exchange they would get protection

Question 16

Locked natural rights

Answer 16

• More positive view of human nature
• learn from experiences
• people could govern themselves

Question 17

All men have three natural rights

Answer 17

Life liberty and property

• if the government doesn’t protect these rights that people can rebel
• starts French revolution

Question 18

The philosophes Advocate reason

5 key concepts

Answer 18

1. Reason- knology truth could be gained through reason and logic
2. Nature- what was natural was good ex.
   if people steal from you, you get mad
3. Happiness- forget happiness an afterlife be happy now
4. Progres- society in man/king can improve
   5.Liberty - freedom won in glorious revolution and Bill of Rights

Question 19

Voltaire

Answer 19

-In famous for using satire and became a target of church and wealthy people
-Fought for freedom of speech religion and tolerance
Satire- dry humor

Question 20

Montesquieu and separation of powers

Answer 20

• believed England was balanced because Kings and ministers held executive power
• Parliament held legislative power
• Judges held judical power
• published on the spirit of laws

Question 21

Rousseau

Answer 21

Individual freedom

• Didn’t believe that reason and science and art can improve right
• The social contract
• All people are equal and Noblility should be abolished
• Largely influential of the French revolution

Question 22

Beccaria promote criminal justice

Answer 22

• Cesar backra believed laws only existed to pressure social order
• criticized torture of witnesses and suspects, fake trials and arbitarary punishments
• believed in a speedy trial and banning in capital punishment

Question 23

Woman

Answer 23

Feminism- I as a woman can reserve education as a man and have the same privileges in marriage

Question 24

Diderot

Answer 24

• Creates large books
• within it was a enlightenment ideals
• spreads enlightenment
• published the Encyclopedia