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people Flashcards

1
Q

Jerome

A

Christian theologian, translated the Bible and held classes for Roman widows and virgins

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2
Q

Augustine of Hippo

A

Philosopher, theologian, and bishop of Hippo Regius. Wrote the City of God, Confessions, and On Christian Doctrine

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3
Q

St. Martin of Tours

A

4th cen. soldier, became a monk (later bishop). Known for spreading Christianity in France and his acts of charity

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4
Q

Marcella

A

4-5th century ascetic, leader of a monastic community in Rome Noted for foundational help in monasticism.

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5
Q

Hypatia of Alexandria

A

Secular philosopher and mathematician, she was murdered by religious zealots for her intellect

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6
Q

Galla Placidia

A

5th century Roman Empress, daughter of Theodosius I, mother of Valentinian III, played a key role in West Roman politics

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7
Q

St. Monica

A

Mother to Augustine of Hippo, she was Christian his entire life and inspired his conversion (as noted in Confessions)

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8
Q

Alypius of Thagaste

A

Christian bishop and friend of Augustine, known for supporting Augustine’s spiritual journey

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9
Q

Faustus of Mileve

A

Bishop and strong advocate for Manichaeism, noted in Confessions by Augustine

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10
Q

Marius Victorinus

A

Translated Aristotle’s works into Latin (the language of scholars), converted to Christianity, and impacted Church’s doctrine & later Christian thinkers

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11
Q

Alaric

A

Visigothic King & military commander, in charge during Roman sack during 410

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12
Q

Athaulf

A

Visigothic King (successor to Alaric), worked on establishing Gothic influence in Roman Empire, had a failed marriage with Galla Placidia

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13
Q

Theodoric

A

(493) Ostrogothic king who established Ostrogothic Kingdom of Italy after the fall of the Western Roman Empire

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14
Q

Odoacer

A

(476) Germanic soldier turned king after deposing last Western Roman Emperor, Romulus Augustus

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15
Q

Edward Gibbon

A

18th century English historian, wrote The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire

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16
Q

Theodosius II

A

Eastern Roman Emperor, codification of Roman law in the Theodosian Code and construction of Theodosian Walls in Constantinople

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17
Q

Pulcheria

A

Sister to Theodosius II, Eastern Roman Empress, known for Christian orthodoxy and preservation of Eastern Roman Empire

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18
Q

Nestorius

A

Theologian who was excommunicated from Roman Empire for his controversial teachings on the nature of Christ (division between divinity and humanity)

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19
Q

Cyril of Alexandria

A

Patriarch of Alexandria, played significant role in the Council of Ephesus (against Nestorius, viewed Christ’s division as unity)

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20
Q

Leo I

A

(5th cen.) Pope of Roman Catholic church in 5th century, established papal authority and defense of Christian orthodoxy in West Roman Empire

21
Q

Gelasius I

A

(5-6th cen.) Pope of Roman Catholic church who defended the role of the papacy against secular government

22
Q

Pope Gregory the Great

A

(6th cen.) Pope who established papal supremacy in the Roman Catholic church and expanded missionary work

23
Q

Augustine of Canterbury

A

Benedictine monk and first Archbishop of Canterbury, played significant role in converting the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity and established the Christian Church in England

24
Q

Clovis

A

5th century Frankish king who established the Merovingian Dynasty, conversion of Franks to Christianity, and expansion of Frankish territory in Gaul

25
Q

Childeric

A

Father of Clovis I, remembered for military successes and laying foundation for Merovingian dynasty

26
Q

Clotild

A

Frankish Queen, married to Clovis I and instrumental in his conversion to Christianity

27
Q

Gregory of Tours

A

6th century Gallo-Roman historian and Bishop of Tours known for “History of the Franks”

28
Q

Sidonius Apollinaris

A

Gallo-Roman aristocrat, Bishop of Clermont, known for his works that provide insight on politics, society, and culture of Roman Gaul

29
Q

Justin I

A

6th century Byzantinian Emperor known for his efforts to strengthen the empire and establishment of Justinian dynasty

30
Q

Justinian

A

Justin I’s nephew and adopted son, who became the emperor after Justin I and codified the Roman law, construction of monumental buildings (HAGIA SOPHIA), and did military campaigns to regain lost territory from the West.

31
Q

Theodora

A

Byzantine Empress who played a significant role in Justinian’s politics and society

32
Q

Belisarius

A

“The Last of the Romans,” successful Byzantine general who led military campaigns in North Africa and Italy

33
Q

Antonina

A

Wife of Belisarius

34
Q

Khusro I

A

Persian King of the Sassanian Empire who implemented reforms in government, society, and military

35
Q

Procopius

A

Prominent Byzantine scholar who wrote “The Secret History” and “The Wars of Justinian”

36
Q

Vulfolaic the Langobard

A

King of the Lombards (German peoples) who played a significant role in the Lombard invasion and settlement of Italy in 6th century

37
Q

Boethius

A

A transmitter, philosopher, and author of “The Consolation of Philosophy”

38
Q

Cassiodorus

A

A transmitter, statesman, and monk who founded a monastery and established a scriptorium that was key in preserving and transmitting classical texts

39
Q

Isidore of Seville

A

A transmitter, bishop, and scholar who compiled an encyclopedia of knowledge known as Etymologies

40
Q

Maurice

A

Byzantine emperor who defended the Empire against external threats but faced internal unrest that led to his overthrow and execution

41
Q

Phocas

A

Byzantine Emperor who came to power via assassination of Maurice and his family

42
Q

Heraclius

A

Byzantine Emperor who reformed the military and administration, successfully defeated the Sassanid Empire, but his later reign was plagued with internal conflict and Arab-Muslim conquests

43
Q

Khusro II

A

Sassanian king who fought several wars against the Byzantine Empire, known for his construction projects and patronage of the arts

44
Q

Muhammad

A

Founder of Islam, the Last Prophet, and the messenger of God in Islam

45
Q

Fred Donner

A

Scholar of Islam

46
Q

Sophronius of Jerusalem

A

Eastern Orthodox bishop known for opposition to Monothelite heresy and role in events leading to Arab conquest of Jerusalem

47
Q

‘Abd al-Malik

A

5th Umayyad Caliphate, introduced major reforms in Islamic society and government, including the standardization of Arabic language and coinage

48
Q

Anastasius of Sinai

A

7th century writer and monk

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