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Penicillins Flashcards

1
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Cefazolin
Cephalexin
Cefotetan
Cefoxitin
Cefprozil
Cefalcor
Cefuroxime
Ceftriaxone
Cefotaxime
Ceftazidime
Cefdinir
Cefpodoxime
Cefixime
Cefixime + azithromycin
Cefepime
Ceftaroline
A

Cephalosporins

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2
Q

What group do these belong to?
Impinem
Meroponem
Doripenem

A

Carbapanems

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3
Q

What group does this belong to?

Aztreonam

A

Monobactam

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4
Q

What group do these belong to?
Clavulanic acid
Sulbactam
Tazobactam

A

β-Lactamase Inhibitors

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5
Q 
Which category (MOA) of antibiotics do they belong?
Vancomycin
Daptomycin
Televancin
Fosfomycin
A

Antibiotics (cell wall synthesis inhibitors)

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6
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams
β-Lactamase Inhibitors
Vancomycin
Daptomycin
Televancin
Fosfomycin
A

Cell wall synthesis inhibitors

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7
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides
Macrolides & ketolides
Clindamycin
Chloramphenicol
Quinupristin/danupristin
Linezolid
A

Protein synthesis inhibitors

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8
Q 
Which ribosomal subunit do these affect?
Doxocycline
Tetracycline
Minocycline
Demeclocycline
Tigecycline
A

30S

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9
Q

Which ribosomal subunit do tetracyclines affect?

A

30S

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10
Q 
Which ribosomal subunit do these affect?
Gentamycin
Neomycin
Streptomycin
Tobramycin
Amikacin
Spectinomycin
A

30S

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11
Q

What ribosomal subunit do aminoglycosides affect?

A

30S

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12
Q

Which ribosomal subunit do these affect?
Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides

A

30S

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13
Q

Which ribosomal subunit do these affect?
Macrolides
Ketolides

A

50S

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14
Q 
Which ribosomal subunit do these affect?
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin
Telithromycin
A

50S

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15
Q 
Which ribosomal subunit do these affect?
Clindamycin
Chloramphenicol
Quinupristin/dalfopristin
Linezolid
A

50S

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16
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin
Telithromycin
A

Macrolides & ketolides

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17
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Gentamycin
Neomycin
Streptomycin
Tobramycin
Amikacin
Spectinomycin
A

Aminoglycosides

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18
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Norfloxacin
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
Moxifloxacin
A

Fluoroquinolones

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19
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Silver sulfadiazine
Sulfacetamide
Sulfamethoxazole
Sulfasalazine
Trimethoprim
A

Antifolates

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20
Q

What group do these belong to?
Methenamine
Nitrofurantoin

A

Urinary tract antiseptics

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21
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Isoniazid
Rifampin
Ethambutol
Pyrazinamide
Rifabutin
A

Antimycobacterials

For tuberculosis

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22
Q

What are these drugs for?
Azithromycin
Rifabutin

A

Mycobacterium avium intracellulare

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23
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Dapsone
Rifampin
Clofazimine
Thalidomide
A

Antimycobacterials for leprosy

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24
Q

What group do these belong to?

Azole derivatives

A

Antifungals

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25
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Clotrimazole
Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Ketoconazole
Posaconazole
Voriconazole
A

Azoles

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26
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Amphotericin B
Terbinafine
Flucytosine
Griseofulvin
Nystatin
A

Antifungals

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27
Q

What group do these belong to?
Clotrimazole
Ketoconazole

A

Imidazoles

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28
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Fluconazole 
Itraconazole 
Posaconazole
Voriconazole
A

Triazoles

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29
Q

What group do these belong to?
Amantadine
Ribavirin

A

Respiratory antivirals

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30
Q

What group do these belong to?
Interferons
Lamivudine

A

Hepatic antivirals

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31
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Acyclovir
Valacyclovir 
Cidofovir
Foscarnet
Ganciclovir
Trifluridine
A

Herpes & cytomegalovirus

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32
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Zidovudine
Didanosine
Lamivudine
Emtricitabine
A

NRTIs (nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors)

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33
Q

What group does Efavirenz belong to?

A

NNRTIs

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34
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Ritonavir
Indinavir
Nelfinavir
Fosamprenavir
Amprenavir
Atazanavir
Durunavir
A

PIs (protease inhibitors)

35
Q

What group do these belong to?
Abacavir
Zalcitabine

A

HIV antivirals

36
Q 
What infectious agent are these caused by
Amebiasis
Malaria
Trypanosomiasis
Toxoplasmosis
Giardiasis
A

Parasitic infections

37
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Metronidazole
Tinidazole
Iodoquinol
Paromomycin
Diloxane furoate
Chloroquine
Dihydroemetine
38
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Chloroquine
Mefloquine
Primaquine
Pyrimethamine
Quinine/quinidine
Artesunate
Proguanil
Halofantrine
39
Q 
What group do these belong to?
Melarsoprol
Nifurtimox
Pentamidine
Suramin
A

Trypanosomiasis

40
Q

What are these used for?
Metronidazole
Tinidazole

A

Giardiasis

41
Q

What is pyrimethamine used for?

A

Toxoplasmosis

42
Q

What drugs are used for Gonorrhea?

A

Ceftriaxone
Cefixime
Spectinomycin
Azithromycin

43
Q

What drugs are used against Treponema Pallidum?

A

Penicillin G & V

44
Q

What group is contraindicated in pts allergic to penicillins?

A

Cephalosporins (and maybe carbapenems)

45
Q

Drugs used for empiric treatment?

A

Carbapenems, aztreonam

46
Q

Drugs used for meningitis (penicillin-resistant pneumococci)?

A

Ceftriaxone & cefatoxime

47
Q

Drugs for gram + diphtheroids?

A

Ampicillin

48
Q

Drugs for endocarditis?

A

Amoxicillin + clavulanate (dental pts)
Vancomycin (penicillin allergy lower abd. surgeries)
Daptomycin (right-sided)
Clindamycin (valvular & penicillin allergy)

49
Q

What drug is used for bacillary dysentery and can cause Gray Baby syndrome?

A

Chloramphenicol

50
Q

Drugs for chlamydia?

A 
Norfloxacin
Ciprofloxacin
Doxocycline
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin
Chloramphenicol
Sulfonamides
51
Q

Preferred initial drugs of community-acquired pneumonia?

A

Macrolides
Doxocycline
Quinolones (Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin)

52
Q

Most nephrotoxic aminoglycosides?

A

Gentamicin & tobramycin

53
Q

Serum indications of nephrotoxicity?

A

Increased blood creatinine

54
Q

Drugs for toxoplasmosis?

A

Trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole

Pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine

55
Q

Drug used in Traveler’s diarrhea?

A

Ofloxacin (ciprofloxacin)

56
Q

Drugs for diarrhea?

A

Ofloxacins (norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin)

57
Q

Most common adverse effect of sulfonamides?

A

Skin rash from hypersensitivity

58
Q

Drug combination for nocardiosis & pneumocystis jirovecii?

A
  1. Trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole

2. Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

59
Q

Drugs for Candida albicans?

A

Amphotericin B
Fluconazole
Flucytosine

60
Q

Whats important to remember when administering Amphotericin B?

A

Pre-medication with corticoids, analgesics/antipyretics or antihistamines to prevent adverse reactions.

61
Q

Drugs for Coccidiodes immitis?

A

Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Amphotericin B

62
Q

Drugs that can cause acute pancreatitis?

A

Didanosine
Tigecycline
Pentamidine (acute?)

63
Q

Drugs for CMV ( cytomegalovirus) retinitis?

A

Cidofovir
Foscarnet
Ganciclovir

64
Q

Drugs against genital herpes (HSV-2)?

A

Acyclovir & valacyclovir

65
Q

Drugs against keratoconjunctivitis by HSV 1 & 2?

A

Trifluridine

66
Q

Drugs for Chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum?

A

Mefloquine
Doxycycline
Proguanil + Atovaquone
Artemisinin

67
Q

Drugs for malaria by P. vivax?

A

Chloroquine

Primaquine

68
Q
  1. Drugs for symptomatic amebic colitis/dysentery (inflammation)?
  2. Drugs for asymptomatic luminal infection?
A
  1. Metronidazole + luminal amebicide
  2. Diloxanide furoate
    Iodoquinol
    Paramomycin
69
Q

Severe extraintestinal disease is the same as?

What drugs can be used in this case?

A

Hepatic abscess

Metronidazole & tinidazole

70
Q

Agents used for giardiasis?

A

Tinidazole

Metronidazole

71
Q

Drugs for African trypanosomiasis?

A

Pentamidine (1st stage)
Suramin (1st stage)
Melarsoprol (2nd)

72
Q

Drugs for P. aeruginosa?

A 
Ceftazidime & cefepime
Carbapenems
Aztreonam
Tobramycin
Ciprofloxaxin
Piparcillin & ticarcillin
73
Q

Drugs for Klebsiella?

A 
Aminoglycosides
Tetracycline
Sulfonamides
Rifampin
Quinolones
Piperacillin
74
Q

Drugs discoloring teeth and stopping bone growth in children?

A

Tetracyclines

Tigecycline (minocycline derivative)

75
Q

Are tetracyclines bacteriostatic/bactericidal?

A

Bacteriostatic

76
Q

Are cephalosporins bacteriostatic/bactericidal?

A

Bactericidal

77
Q

Drugs that are toxic to/suppress the bone marrow?

A

Chloramphenicol
Flucytosine
Interferons
Zidovudine

78
Q

Drugs for mycoplasma pneumonia?

A

Azithromycin
Erythromycin
Clarithromycin
Doxycycline

79
Q

Drugs used in urinary tract infections?

A 
Nalidixic acid
Norfloxacin & ciprofloxacin
Sulfonamides
Trimethoprim
Methenamine & Nitrofurantoin
80
Q

Drugs used for trichomoniasis?

A

Metronidazole & tinidazole

81
Q

Drugs for pseudomembranous colitis (C. difficile)?

A

Metronidazole
Tinidazole
Vancomycin

82
Q

Drugs for systemic mycosis?

A 
Amphotericin B.
Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Voriconazole
Caspofungin
83
Q

Drug of choice for Legionella pneumonia?

A

Macrolides

Florquinolones

Pharma 3 (1 decks)

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