Penicillin

Question 1

Inhibit bacterial wall synthesis by blocking crosslinking of adjacent peptidoglycan strands

Answer 1

Penicillin

Question 2

______________ are targets of beta-lactam antibiotics

Answer 2

PBPs (Penicillin Binding Proteins)

Question 3

Transpeptidases, transglycolyases, and D-alanine carboxykinases are types of ___________

Answer 3

PBPs

Pencillin Binding Proteins

Question 4

Pencillin is bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

Answer 4

Cidal

Question 5

Gram - organisms may prevent pencillin from _________________ in cell wall

Answer 5

penetrating porin channel

Question 6

Pencillin peak levels ________ hours after digestion

Answer 6

1-2 hours

Question 7

Food ________ peak levels by ________ hours and ______ absorption of pencillin

Answer 7

Delays
2-3
delays

Question 8

Pencillin is well or poorly distributed?

Answer 8

Well

Question 9

Pencillin soluble or insoluble in lipid?

Good at penetrating CSF?

Answer 9

Insoluble

Unless inflammation present poor distribution to CSF

Question 10

___________ excretion most important form of elimination for pencillins

Answer 10

Renal

Question 11

____________ excretion occurs with ampicillin, nafcillin, and antipseudomonal pencillins

Answer 11

Biliary

Question 12

Beta-lactamase inhibitor ___________ binds to a beta-lactamase

Answer 12

Irreversibly

Question 13

Covers gram +’s (strep and some enterococcus) and some gonorrhea. K salt 1.7 and Na salt 2.3. Acid labile.

What must you use for oral administration?

Answer 13

Pencillin G

Pen VK

Question 14

Benzathine penicillin (IM) has ________ release and ___________ in certain patients

Answer 14

sustained

prophylaxis

Question 15

Procaine pencillin G (IM) has ___________ hours of detectable concentrations

Answer 15

8-12

Question 16

Include ampicillin (QID) and amoxicillin (TID)

Answer 16

Aminopenicillins

Question 17

Amino group allows for penetration into gram - cell wall

Answer 17

Aminopenicillins

Question 18

Covers strept, enterococcus, haemophilus, salmonella, and shigella well.
Proteus mirabilis, E. coli, and klebsiella if susceptible

Answer 18

Aminopenicillins

Question 19

Ampicillin has ________ absorption than amoxicillin

Answer 19

Greater

Question 20

Antistaphylococcal. Covers strept and Beta-lactamase staph.

Answer 20

Penicillinase Resistant Penicillins

Question 21

Includes methicillin, oxacillin, and nafcillin

IV or PO?

Answer 21

Penicillinase Resistant Penicillins

IV

Question 22

Nafin __________ elimination

Answer 22

Hepatic

Question 23

Includes cloxacillin and dicloxacillin

IV or PO?

Answer 23

Penicillase resistant penicillins

PO

Question 24

Includes carbenicillin and ticarcillin. Increased permeability to cell wall.

Answer 24

Carboxypenicillins

Question 25

Covers strept, PEK bugs, piddly bugs, space bugs, enterobacter, and pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 25

Carboxypenicillins

Question 26

High urine concs. Indanyl salt is stable oral form (geocillin). Body cannot tolerate high enough dosage necessary for conc. to treat systemic infections

Answer 26

Carbenicillin

Question 27

2-4X more active than carbenicillin against pseudomonas. Extremely high Na load

Answer 27

Ticarcillin

Question 28

Includes mezlocillin and piperacillin (piperazine). Much lower Na load than ticarcillin.

Answer 28

Ureidopenicillins

Question 29

Covers bacteroides fragilis, PEK bugs, SPACE bugs, strept, enterococcus

Answer 29

Ureidopenicillins

Piperacillin

Question 30

Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (PO)

Answer 30

Augmentin

Question 31

Ampicillin/Sulbactam (IV)

Answer 31

Unasyn

Question 32

Ticarcillin/Clavulanic acid (IV)

Answer 32

Timentin

Question 33

Piperacillin/tazobactam (IV)

Answer 33

Zosyn