Penetrating Trauma

Question 1

The speed (or velocity) of an object has a ______ relationship to its kinetic energy.

Answer 1

Squared

Question 2

If a projectile passes through the object, the energy transferred is?

Answer 2

Equal to the kinetic energy prior to entry minus the energy remaining in the projectile as it exits

Question 3

The faster the bullet, the ____ the curve of travel and the ____ its trajectory.

Answer 3

Flatter

Straighter

Question 4

______ is the path a projectile follows.

Answer 4

Trajectory

Question 5

Define drag

Answer 5

The forces acting on a projectile in motion to slow its progress

Question 6

____ is the outward motion of tissue due to a projectiles passage, resulting in a temporary cavity and vacuum

Answer 6

Cavitation

Question 7

What is a bullets profile?

Answer 7

The size and shape of a projectile as it contacts a target

Question 8

The ____ is the swing or wobble around the axis of a projectiles travel

Answer 8

Yaw

Question 9

If you double the mass of an object, it will have ______ the kinetic energy if the speed of the object remains the same.

Answer 9

Twice

Question 10

The faster a projectile travels, the more _____ it experiences and the greater the _____.

Answer 10

Drag

Slowing effect

Question 11

The energy exchange rate is related to?

Answer 11

The size of the projectiles contacting surface and to its shape

Question 12

The larger the surface profile, the greater the _____ exchange rate, the more quickly the bullet _____and the more extensive the damage to surrounding tissue.

Answer 12

Energy

Slows

Question 13

The longer the bullet, the ___ the mass is from its leading edge

Answer 13

Farther

Question 14

If a bullet continues to tumble, the bullet will ____ and the ____ of the shot will be diminished.

Answer 14

Slow

Accuracy

Question 15

Yaw greatly increases as the bullet begins __________.

Answer 15

It’s penetration

Question 16

Projectiles may increase their profile and their energy exchange rate by ________ When they strike a medium denser than air.

Answer 16

Deforming

Question 17

A handgun is a ____-velocity weapon with _____ accuracy that is most effective at _____ range.

Answer 17

Medium
Limited
Close

Question 18

The severity of a handgun injury is usually related to?

Answer 18

The organs directly damaged by the bullets passage

Question 19

The ____ fires a heavier projectile than the handgun, though a much longer barrel, and with much greater muzzle velocity.

Answer 19

Rifle

Question 20

The damage caused by ______ energy rifle bullets can extend well beyond the actual track of the projectile.

Answer 20

High

Question 21

What is the difference between a rifle and an assault rifle?

Answer 21

Assault has larger magazine capacity and will fire in both semi-automatic and automatic

Question 22

What kind of bullet is fired by a shotgun?

Answer 22

Single projectile or numerous spheres

Question 23

A shot gun is a _____-velocity gun.

Answer 23

Medium

Question 24

The _____ is limited in range and _____.

Answer 24

Shotgun

Accuracy

Question 25

With knives and arrows, damage is usually limited to?

Answer 25

Physical injury caused by direct contact between the blade or object and the victims tissue

Question 26

The severity of a low-velocity penetrating wound can be often difficult to asses because?

Answer 26

The depth and angle of the objects insertion cannot be determined from the visible wound

Question 27

What three factors determine damage pathway that a high-velocity projectile inflicts?

Answer 27

Direct injury
Pressure shock wave
Cavitation

Question 28

Direct injury is?

Answer 28

The damage done as the projectile strike tissue, contuses and tears that tissue, and pushes the tissue out of its way

Question 29

The ___ cavity is a space created behind the high-energy bullet as tissue moves rapidly away from the bullets path.

Answer 29

Temporary

Question 30

Cavitation creates a vacuum which?

Answer 30

Draws in air and any debris or contamination from the enters the wound and the exit wound

Question 31

The _____ cavity is created by the movement that crushes, stretches, and tears of affected tissues.

Answer 31

Permanent

Question 32

What part of the projectile pathway extends beyond the permanent cavity?

Answer 32

Zone of injury

Question 33

Knife-wielding males most often strike with a _________ stroke.

Answer 33

Forward, outward, or crosswise

Question 34

Knife-wielding females usually strike with an ________ stroke.

Answer 34

Overhand and downward

Question 35

____ is the connective strength and elasticity of an object or fabric.

Answer 35

Resiliency

Question 36

What organs are considered solid organs?

Answer 36

Liver, spleen, kidneys, pancreas, and brain

Question 37

How are solid organs affected when struck by a bullet?

Answer 37

Organs compress and stretch, resulting in greater damage more closely associated with the size of the temporary cavity then with the bullets profile

Question 38

Which organs are considered hollow?

Answer 38

Bowel, stomach, urinary bladder, and heart

Question 39

What happens to the lungs when a bullet pass through?

Answer 39

Air is compressed, thereby slowing and limiting the transmission of the cavitational wave

Question 40

Bullet wounds only infrequently induce an _______ (sucking chest wound).

Answer 40

Pneumothorax

Question 41

90 percent of penetrating trauma mortality involves the _____,____, and _____.

Answer 41

Head
Thorax
Abdomen

Question 42

_____ is a surgical incision into the cricothyroid membrane

Answer 42

Cricothrotomy

Question 43

_____ is the introduction of a needle or other tube into the cricothyroid membrane

Answer 43

Cricothyrostomy

Question 44

If frothy blood is associated with a chest wound, anticipate?

Answer 44

Developing tension pneumothorax

Question 45

The only Impaled objects that can be removed are?

Answer 45

Those lodged in the cheek or trachea that interfere with the airway or those that you must provide CPR

Question 46

The tissue displacement caused by the pressure wave that accompanies a bullet as it travels through human tissue is called:

Answer 46

Cavitation

Question 47

Which abdominal organ is the most tolerant of the cavitational wave associated with penetrating trauma?

Answer 47

Bowel

Question 48

In a puncture wound resulting from a knife or gunshot injury, the paramedic must always examine patient for:

Answer 48

An exit wound

Question 49

Powder burns and crepitus around the entrance generally suggest:

Answer 49

A gun used at close range

Question 50

The forces acting on a bullet to slow it down are called:

Answer 50

Drag