Penal Laws

Question 1

When were the Penal Laws introduced?

Answer 1

After the treaty of limerick / end of Williamite wars

Question 2

When was the treaty of limerick signed

Answer 2

3 October 1691

Question 3

Name a military article of the treaty

Answer 3

Soldiers could travel to France and fight for Louis xiv

Question 4

Name 2 civil articles of the treaty

Answer 4

Religious freedom and return of lands

Question 5

What did Irish anglicans think of Catholics?

Answer 5

Disloyal

Question 6

What did Irish Anglicans feel about William and why?

Answer 6

Betrayed due to growth of colonial nationalism and his attitude at Limerick

Question 7

How could the treaty help Anglican’s establish power?

Answer 7

By exerting independence from England

Question 8

What did William think of Ireland

Answer 8

It wasn’t his main concern as he was focused on the Nine Years War

Question 9

What year did William dissolve parliament

Answer 9

1692

Question 10

Why did he dissolve parliament.

Answer 10

to keep Anglicans happy
Ensure no further rebellion
Didn’t want to offend Catholic allies

Question 11

When was the treaty ratified?

Answer 11

After the nine years war in September 1697

Question 12

What was missing from the ratified treaty?

Answer 12

Article 1

Question 13

Why could William be more harsh towards Catholics now?

Answer 13

He no longer had any ties to Catholic Allies so doesn’t have to worry about upsetting them

Question 14

RELIGIOUS

Question 15

Name all attempts to convert religion of catholics

Answer 15

1. banishment act 1697 - banned all Catholic bishops and clergy
   - to erode Catholicism and force conversion due to lack of bishops - couldn’t practice religion
   - only 2 bishops in Ireland by 1702
2. Priests had to be registered
   - ascendency could track amount of priests in order to limit Catholicism
3. Catholics had to take Oath of Abjuration and recognise Queen Anne
   - broke article 9 of the treaty
   - forced them to comply with Anglican beliefs
4. 1720 unregistered priests threatened with castration
   - shows how the 1704 Registration act wasn’t successful
5. land legislation
   - land was subdivided amongst family but if one member converted to anglicanism, they inherited all land

Between 1703 and 1789 55,000 catholics converted to Anglicanism

Question 16

POLITICAL

Question 17

What was missing in the ratified treaty? Why

Answer 17

Article 2
They could have been aiming to control Catholic population to gain their land

Question 18

How long were Catholics unable to buy or lease land for?

Answer 18

31 years

Question 19

What did this mean for Anglicans?

Answer 19

There was more land available to them
Could rent land to Catholics
Land owners had voting rights - Catholics had no say in politics

Question 20

By 1776 how much of land was owned by Catholics despite their population? What does this show?

Answer 20

5% despite being 76% of population

Shows that this was enforced and important

Question 21

How were Catholics frozen out of public life?

Answer 21

Through test acts and laws restricting civil liberties

Question 22

What restrictions were placed on Catholics in 1695?

Answer 22

Prevented from
- educating their children
- bearing arms
- owning a horse valued over £5

Question 23

What did these restrictions do to catholics?

Answer 23

Prevented them from being educated and accessing jobs, meaning there were more jobs for Anglican ascendency

Question 24

Catholics weren’t able to be employed in …
What did this mean for Anglicans?

Answer 24

Legal professions or civil service
Anglicans were able to have well paid jobs, which protected their power and position in society and kept catholics lower in the social hierarchy

Question 25

Name all political attempts

Answer 25

Missing clause of article 2 - aim to gain Catholic land
Not able to buy land for 31 years - Anglicans has more land, could rent to Catholics and Catholics had no vote
1776 - 5% land owned by Catholics despite being 76% of population
1695 - prevented from educating children, bearing arms, owning horse over value of £5
- meant Catholics could not get jobs due to no education
Not able to be employed in legal professions or civil service