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Anatomy and Kinesiology > Pelvis and Hip > Flashcards

Pelvis and Hip Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior Iliac Superior Spine
Iliac Crests
Ischial Tuberosities
Pubic Symphysis

A

All Meet at the Pelvis

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2
Q

Bones of the Pelvis

A

Sacrum

Coccyx

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3
Q

Sacrum

A

Provides Stability

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4
Q

Coccyx

A

End of Spine

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5
Q

Bones of the Hip Joint

A

Acetabulum

Femur

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6
Q

Motions of the Hip

A 
Abduction 
Adduction 
Flexion 
Extension 
Medial Hip Rotation 
Lateral Hip Rotation
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7
Q

Bones of the Femur

A 
Head 
Neck 
Greater Trochanter 
Lesser Trochanter 
Femoral Condyles (Distal) 
Patella
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8
Q

Femur

A

Longest and Heaviest Bone in the Body.

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9
Q

Hip Joint

A

Stable
Strong
Ball and Socket

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10
Q

Components of Hip

A

Femoral Head
Acetabulum
Acetabulum Labrum
Bursa

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11
Q

Joint Capsule

A

Spiral Orientation
Tightens with Extension
Lined with Synovial Membrane

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12
Q

What provides hip stability?

A

Ligaments
Muscles
Labrum

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13
Q

Anterior Ligaments

A

Iliofemoral

Pubofemoral

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14
Q

Posterior Ligaments

A

Ischofemoral

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15
Q

Iliofemoral Ligament

A

“Y” ligament
Runs: Anterior and Superior
Role: Limit Hyperextension of Hip

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16
Q

Acetabular Labrum

A

Helps Support the Hip.

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17
Q

Bursa

A

Cushioning Sac

Compression Area

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18
Q

Synovial Fluid

A

Shock Absorption

19
Q

Ischiofemoral

A

Weakest
Runs: Posterior and Inferior
Role: Limit Internal Rotation

20
Q

Ligentum Teres

A 
Head of the Femur 
Weak 
Runs: Head of Femur to Acetabulum 
Medial and Lateral Rotators of the Hip 
Add Stability 
Blood Supply
21
Q

Femur Components

A

120-125 deg - Normal Inclination

Larger Angle at Birth, Decreases with Weight Bearing

22
Q

Coxa Vara

A

Smaller Angle.

Increase Chance of Neck Fracture

23
Q

Coxa Valga

A

Larger Angle.
Decreases Hip Stability.
Decreases Mechanical Effectiveness of Abductors.
Early Arthritic Changes Lead to Grinding.
Children more than Adults
Weight Bearing

24
Q

Pubofemoral

A

Runs: Anterior and Inferior
Role: Limit Abduction of Hip

25
Q

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)

A 
Seen in Adolescents 
Painful 
Most Common in Obese Males 
Characterized by Groin Pain on Affected Side 
Growth Plate Hasn't Formed Yet
26
Q

Angle of Torsion

A

Angle Between Femoral Head and Condyle in Transverse Plane
Normal is 12-15
Increased in Birth
Decreases with Activation of Hip Extensor Muscles

27
Q

Anteversion

A 
Can be born with 
Increase in Angulation 
Decrease Hip Stability; Correlated with Increased Medial Rotation and Decreased Lateral Rotation of the Hip; Toeing in or "knock-knee" Posture 
Children more than Adults 
Activation of hip extensors
28
Q

Retroversion

A

Decrease in Angulation

Increased Problems with Impingment and Lateral Tears of the hip

29
Q

Close-Packed

A

Taught Ligaments

Position: Hip Extended and Internal Rotation is Tight

30
Q

Loose-Packed

A

Lax Ligaments
Position: Hip Flexion
Least Stable

31
Q

Motions of Hip and Pelvis

A 
Flexion 
Extension
Abduction
Adduction 
Medial Rotation 
Lateral Rotation
32
Q

Pelvic Tilt

A

Flexion

Extension

33
Q

Lateral Pelvic Tilt

A

Abduction

Adduction

34
Q

Lateral Pelivic Shift

A

Abduction

Adduction

35
Q

Forward/Backward Pelvic Rotation

A

Medial Rotation

Lateral Rotation

36
Q

Hip Fracture

A

Neck of Femur or Intertrochateric

37
Q

Treatment for Hip Fracture

A

Plates and Screws

Unless blood supply is Compromised

38
Q

Osteonecrosis

A

Bone Death

39
Q

Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA or THR)

A

Replacement of Proximal Femur and Acetabular Cup
Posterior or Anterolateral Approaches
Hip Dislocation is Common

40
Q

Post-Surgery (OT Role)

A 
Hip Precautions 
How to Use Walker, Crutches or Wheelchair 
How to Stand 
How to Use Commode, Shower Bench/Chair 
Talk to Family
41
Q

Hip Resurfacing

A

Younger Patients
Less Bone Removal
Greater Options for Revisions
More Skill Required

42
Q

Developmental Dysplasia

A

Hip Dysplasia

Acetabulum does not Fully Support Femoral Head

43
Q

Treatment for Hip Dysplasia

A

Special Harness

44
Q

Role of OT with Hip Dysplasia

A

Parent Education
Proper Handling for Diaper Changing
Bathing/Carrying Techniques
Age Appropriate Milestones

Anatomy and Kinesiology (3 decks)

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