pelvis Flashcards
what are the 4 functions of the pelvis?
Locomotion
Parturition
Support of abdominal viscera
Protection of pelvic viscera
what are the 4 bones that make up the pelvis?
left hip
right hip
sacrum coccyx
in anatomical position, the pelvis is tilted so that the _________ and __________ lie in the same vertical plane
ASIS; upper margin pubis symphysis
in anatomical position, the pelvis is tilted so that the _____ and the _______ lie in the same horizontal position
tip of coccyx; upper margin pubis symphysis
What is the pelvic inlet?
Superior aperture of the pelvis
What are the boundaries of the pelvic inlet?
Sacral promontory Sacral alae Arcuate line Pecten pubis Pubic crest
The structures of the pelvic inlet form a continuous border known as the?
Pelvic brim or linea terminalis
What does the pelvic brim divide?
Greater/ false pelvis
Lesser/ true pelvis
What is the inferior aperture of the pelvis?
Pelvic outlet- diamond shaped
What are the boundaries of the pelvic outlet?
Pubic symphysis Ischiopubic rami Ischial tuberosities Sacrotuberous ligament Tip of coccyx
The pubic symphysis, ischiopubic rami and is hail tuberosities form the?
Pubic arch
What are the different pelvic types?
Anthropoid
Playtpelloid
Android
Gynecoloid
Which pelvis type is the rarest and most associated with birth difficulties?
Platypelloid- short A-P diameter
Which pelvis type is ideal for childbirth?
Gynecoloid
What are the shape differences in the male vs female pelvis?
Male- heart shaped
Female- oval shaped
What parts of the pelvis are typically larger in women?
Pelvic cavity, pelvic outlet, subpubic angle
What are the sacrum differences in male and female?
Female- shorter and wider than male
What 2 ligaments of the pelvis help form the greater and lesser foramen?
Sacrotuberous
Sacrospinous
What structures pass through both the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?
Pudendal nerve, internal pudendal vessels and nerve to obturator internus
what are the intrapelvic causes of sciatica?
piriformis syndrome
compression by fetal head during pregnancy
pelvic tumors
what is the lateral wall of the pelvis covered primarily by?
Obturator internus
Obturator fascia
what is the posterior wall of pelvis covered by?
piriformis muscle
coccygeus muscle
the floor of the pelvis is composed of structures which give support to abdominal and pelvic viscera. these include?
peritoneum- above
pelvic diaphragm- below
what are the 3 pouches of the peritoneum?
rectovesical
rectouterine
vesicouterine
ascites and blood accumulation can occur in which pouches?
rectovesical
rectouterine
which pouch can an ectopic pregnancy occur in?
rectouterine
the pelvic diaphragm is a major support structure for pelvic viscera. what muscles are here?
coccygeus- simple
levator ani muscle- complex
what are the 2 openings within the pelvic diaphragm?
urogenital hiatus
anal aperture
which part of the levator ani is off the tendinous arch of levator ani?
iliococcygeus
which part of the levator ani is the main part and is off the pubis?
pubococcygeus
the medial fibers of the pubococcygeus form what 3 structures?
puboprostaticus
pubovaginalis
puboanalis
puboprostaticus and pubovaginalis both function in micturition
what are the functions of the puborectalis?
maintain anarectal junction
relaxes during defecation
directs fetal head during parturition
misalignment of the sacrum with impingement on S3-S4 may affect what? (4)
fecal continence
urinary continence
pelvic floor integrity
parturition
