pelvis Flashcards
Areas to assess
Soft tissue signs
Lower lumbar spine
Iliac crests
SI Joints
Sacrum
Pubic rami
common mechanisms of injury
RTC (50-60% in adults and 20-30% in children)
Falls
crush
pedestrian vs car (10-20% in adults, 60-80% in children)
traumatic classifications
Lateral Compression
Antero-posterior Compression
Vertical Shearing
Vertical Shearing
Vertical displacement of major components
Very unstable#
Antero-posterior Compression
Diastasis of the symphysis pubis
Open book #s
Lateral Compression
Sacral crush #s
Oblique fractures through the pubic rami
types of prosthesis
Dynamic hip screw (DHS), Total hip replacement, Cannulated hip screw (CHS) and hemiarthroplasty
shenton’s line
curved line drawn along the inferior border of the superior pubic ramus and along the inferomedial border of the neck of femur
pathologies
OA, Osteopokilosis, paget’s disease, metasteses
osteopoikilosis
‘multiple boney islands’, non-expansile, dotted appearance of dense areas
paget’s disease
disrupted cortex, isolated to an area, bony expansion
boney mets
malignant, many osteolytic lesions
paediatric pathologies
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), Perthes
DDH
‘ball and socket’ joint of the hips doesn’t properly form in babies and young children.
child may develop limp
stiff joints
DDH radiographic appearance
- shallow acetabulum
- femoral heads not symmetrical e.g. one smaller than other
- femoral head not in correct position
Perthes
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Blood supply temporarily disrupted
Bone cells begin to die
Area becomes inflamed/irritated
Child may begin to limp
Pain worsens with activity & relieved with rest
radiographic appearance perthes
sclerotic femoral head, loss of symmetry, flattening of femoral head
radiographic appearance perthes
sclerotic femoral head, loss of symmetry, flattening of femoral head
Slipped Upper Femoral Epiphysis (SUFE)
Instability of the proximal femoral growth plate
femoral epiphysis slips out of position
imaging for paeds
AP and frog leg lateral
