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Pelvic Walls > Pelvic Walls > Flashcards

Pelvic Walls Flashcards

1
Q

Main function of the pelvis

A

Transmit the weight of the body from the vertebral column to the femurs

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2
Q

How many bones make up the pelvis?

A

4 bones:

2-hip bones
1-sacrum
1-coccyx

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3
Q

The pelvic brim is formed by:

A
  1. sacral promontory
  2. iliopectineal lines
  3. symphysis pubis
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4
Q

The pelvic brim divides the pelvis into:

A
  1. False pelvis

2. True pelvis

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5
Q

Above the pelvic brim

A

False pelvis

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6
Q

Below the pelvic brim

A

True pelvis

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7
Q

Pelvic orientation: The front of the symphysis pubis and the ________ lie in the same vertical plane.

A

anterior superior iliac spines (ASIS)

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8
Q

Boundaries of the false pelvis

A

Posteriorly: Lumbar vertebrae
Laterally: Iliac fossae & iliacus muscles
Anteriorly: Lower part of the anterior abdominal wall

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9
Q

It forms the bony canal through which the child passes during birth

A

True pelvis

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10
Q

The true pelvis is composed of:

A
  1. Pelvic inlet (pelvic brim)
  2. Pelvic outlet
  3. Pelvic cavity
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11
Q

Boundaries of the pelvic inlet (pelvic brim)

A

Posteriorly: Sacral promontory
Laterally: Iliopectineal lines
Anteriorly: Symphysis pubis

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12
Q

Boundaries of the pelvic outlet:

A

Posteriorly: Coccyx
Laterally: Ischial tuberosities
Anteriorly: Pubic arch

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13
Q

The pubic arch lies anteriorly, between the ________.

A

ischiopubic rami

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14
Q

The sciatic notches lie laterally and are divided into the greater and lesser sciatic foramina by the:

A

sacrotuberous & sacrospinous ligaments

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15
Q

Diamond shaped (pelvic inlet or outlet?)

A

Pelvic outlet

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16
Q

Boundaries of the diamond shaped pelvic outlet

A

Anteriorly: ischiopubic rami & symphysis pubis
Posteriorly: sacrotuberous ligaments & coccyx

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17
Q

This short, curved canal, with a shallow anterior wall and a much deeper posterior wall, lies between the pubic inlet and the
pubic outlet

A

Pelvic cavity

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18
Q

It is the shallowest pelvic wall

A

Anterior pelvic wall

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19
Q

Formed by the bodies of the pubic bones, the pubic rami, and the symphysis pubis.

A

Anterior pelvic wall

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20
Q

It is formed by the sacrum and coccyx and by the piriformis muscles and their covering of parietal pelvic fascia

A

Posterior pelvic wall

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21
Q

The sacrum is composed of how many rudimentary vertebrae

A

5

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22
Q

Laterally, the sacrum articulates with the two iliac bones to form what joint?

A

Sacroiliac joint

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23
Q

The anterior and upper margins of the first sacral vertebra bulge forward to form the __________.

A

Sacral promontory

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24
Q

The sacral vertebral foramina together form the _____________.

A

Sacral canal

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25
Q

The laminae of the fifth sacral vertebra, and sometimes those of the fourth, fail to meet in the midline, forming the __________.

A

Sacral hiatus

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26
Q

The sacral canal contains what structures?

A
  1. Anterior & posterior roots of the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal spinal nerves
  2. Filum terminale
  3. Fibrofatty material
  4. Lower part of the subarachnoid space (down as far as the lower border of the second sacral vertebra).
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27
Q

The anterior & posterior surfaces of the sacrum possess how many pairs of anterior & posterior sacral foramina?

A

4 pairs

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28
Q

What passes through the anterior & posterior sacral foramina?

A

Anterior & posterior rami of the upper four sacral nerves

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29
Q

The sacrum is tilted forward so that it forms an angle with the fifth lumbar vertebra, called the ___________.

A

Lumbosacral angle

30
Q

This muscle arises from the front of the sacrum and leaves the pelvis to enter the gluteal region by passing laterally through the greater sciatic foramen.

A

Piriformis muscle

31
Q

Origin of piriformis muscle

A

Front of lateral mass of the sacrum

32
Q

Insertion of piriformis muscle

A

Greater trochanter of the femur

33
Q

Nerve supply of piriformis muscle

A

Sacral plexus

34
Q

Action of piriformis muscle

A

Lateral rotator of the femur at the hip joint

35
Q

Origin of obturator internus

A

Obturator membrane & adjoining part of the hip bone

36
Q

Insertion of obturator internus

A

Greater trochanter of the femur

37
Q

Nerve supply of obturator internus

A

Nerve to obturator internus from sacral plexus

38
Q

Action of obturator internus

A

Lateral rotator of the femur at the hip joint

39
Q

Origin of levator ani

A

Body of the pubis, fascia of obturator internus, and spine of ischium

40
Q

Insertion of levator ani

A

Perineal body; anococcygeal body; walls of the prostate, vagina, rectum, and anal canal

41
Q

Nerve supply of levator ani

A

Fourth sacral nerve, pudendal nerve

42
Q

Action of levator ani

A

Supports pelvic viscera; sphincter to the anorectal junction and vagina

43
Q

Origin of coccygeus

A

Spine of the ischium

44
Q

Insertion of coccygeus

A

Lower end of the sacrum; coccyx

45
Q

Nerve supply of coccygeus

A

4th & 5th sacral nerve

46
Q

Action of coccygeus

A

Assists levator ani to support the pelvic viscera; flexes coccyx

47
Q

It is formed by part of the hip bone below the pelvic inlet, the obturator membrane, the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments, and the obturator internus muscle and its covering fascia.

A

Lateral pelvic wall

48
Q

Superior part of the hip bone

A

Ilium

49
Q

Inferior & posterior part of the hip bone

A

Ischium

50
Q

Inferior & anterior part of the hip bone

A

Pubis

51
Q

What cartilage joins

the three separate bones of the hip bone (os coxae) at the acetabulum?

A

Triradiate cartilage

52
Q

Large notch behind the acetabulum

A

Greater sciatic notch

53
Q

What separates the greater sciatic notch from the lesser sciatic notch?

A

Spine of the ischium

54
Q

The sciatic notches are converted into the greater and lesser sciatic
foramina by what structures?

A

Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

55
Q

Upper flattened part of the hip bone

A

Ilium

56
Q

It runs between the anterior and posterior superior iliac spines

A

Iliac crest

57
Q

On the inner surface of the ilium is the large auricular surface for articulation with the ________.

A

sacrum

58
Q

It runs downward and forward around the inner surface of the ilium and serves to divide the false from the true pelvis.

A

Iliopectineal line

59
Q

The inferior and posterior part of the hip bone

A

Ischium

60
Q

The anterior part of the hip bone

A

Pubis

61
Q

Part of the pubis that bears the pubic crest and the pubic tubercle and articulates with the pubic bone of the opposite side at the symphysis pubis

A

Body of the pubis

62
Q

Large opening in the lower part of the hip bone

A

Obturator foramen

63
Q

It is a fibrous sheet that almost completely closes the obturator foramen

A

Obturator membrane

64
Q

For the passage of the obturator nerve and vessels as they leave the pelvis to enter the thigh

A

Obturator canal

65
Q

A strong ligament and extends from the lateral part of the sacrum & coccyx and the posterior inferior iliac spine to the ischial tuberosity.

A

Sacrotuberous ligament

66
Q

A strong and triangle shaped ligament that is attatched by its base to the lateral part of the sacrum & coccyx and by its apex to the spine of the ischium

A

Sacrospinous ligament

67
Q

Function of the sacrotuberous & sacrospinous ligaments

A

They prevent the lower end of the sacrum and the coccyx from being rotated upward at the sacroiliac joint by the weight of the body.

68
Q

This muscle arises from the pelvic surface of the obturator foramen and membrane

A

Obturator internus

69
Q

The muscle fibers of obturator internus converge to a tendon, which leaves the pelvis through what foramen before inserting into the greater trochanter of the femur?

A

Lesser sciatic foramen

70
Q

What forms the pelvic diaphragm?

A

The paired levator ani and coccygeus muscles and their covering fasciae form the pelvic diaphragm

71
Q

This muscle is a wide, thin sheet forming the larger, more anterior part of the pelvic diaphragm.

A

Levator ani

72
Q

The levator ani muscle has a linear origin from the back of the body of the pubis, a __________ formed by a thickening of the fascia covering the obturator internus, and the spine of the ischium.

A

tendinous arch

Pelvic Walls (1 decks)

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