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Lower Extremity Anatomy > Pelvic Girdle, Gluteal Region, Thigh > Flashcards

Pelvic Girdle, Gluteal Region, Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three bones that make up the pelvic girdle

A

Left and right hip bone

Sacrum

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2
Q

What ligament makes the sciatic notch into a sciatic foramen

A

Sacrotuberous ligament

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3
Q

T/F: only the first sacral vertebra has a weight bearing functio

A

True

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4
Q

How many bones fuse to form the sacrum? The coccyx?

A

5

4

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5
Q

At what age do the pelvic bones fuse

A

20-25

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6
Q

What cartilage separates the three bones of the hip during puberty

A

Triradiate cartilage

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7
Q

What bones contribute to the formation of acetabulum. And which forms what part of the acetabulum

A

Ilium - superior
Ischium - posteroinferior
Pubis - anteromedial

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8
Q

A cartilaginous joint that joins the pelvic bones anteriorly

A

Pubic symphysis

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9
Q

Covers the obturator foramen but not entirely

A

Obturator membrane

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10
Q

What bone do you sit on

A

Ischial tuberosity

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11
Q

What kind of joint is the acetabulum

A

Ball and socket joint

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12
Q

T/F: the acetabulum is the most stable joint in the body

A

True

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13
Q

The remaining space not covered by the obturator membrane is called the what. And for what structures it is a passage for

A

Obturator canal

Obturator nerve and vessels

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14
Q

What cartilage surrounds the acetabulum to deepen it

A

Acetabular labrum

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15
Q

T/F: the ASIS and pubic tubercle are on the same vertical plane

A

True

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16
Q

What ligament runs from the asis to the pubis

A

Inguinal ligament

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17
Q

What foramen serves as passageway for structures entering or leaving the pelvis? How about the perineum?

A

Greater sciatic foramen for the pelvis

Lesser sciatic foramen for the perineum

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18
Q

Components of a synovial joint

A

Articular cartilage
Synovial membrane
Fibrous capsule

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19
Q

The femoral bone transmits body weight from the hip bone to what bone

A

Tibia

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20
Q

Common fracture site in elderly that may lead to avascular necrosis of femoral head

A

Neck of femur

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21
Q

Site where the femoral neck and shaft join

A

Intertrochanteric line

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22
Q

Broad rough line located posteriorly in the femur

A

Linea aspera

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23
Q

Separate condyles posteriorly

A

Intercondylar fossa

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24
Q

Merges 2 condyles of femur anteriorly

A

Patellar surface

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25
Q

Muscle that occupies the iliac fossa

A

Iliacus

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26
Q

Strongest flexor of the hip

A

Iliopsoas

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27
Q

Landmark muscle in the gluteal region

A

Piriformis

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28
Q

Where does the piriformis pass through to leave the pelvic cavity

A

Greater sciatic foramen

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29
Q

The obturator internus will move out of the gluteal region by passing through the what foramen

A

Lesser sciatic foramen

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30
Q

Largest branch of the lumbar plexus

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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31
Q

Largest nerve in the body

A

Sciatic nerve

32
Q

Give the lumbosacral nerves contributing to formation of:

Obturator nerve
Femoral nerve
Superior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Fibular division of sciatic nerve
Tibial division of sciatic nerve
A 
L2-L4
L2-L4
L4-S1
L5-S2
L4-S2
L4-S3
33
Q

What groove separates the buttocks from each other

A

Intergluteal cleft or natal cleft

34
Q

Demarcates the inferior boundary of the buttocks

A

Gluteal fold

35
Q

Fascia that covers the entire thigh

A

Fascia lata

36
Q

Tendon of the tensor fascia lata

A

Iliotibial tract

37
Q

Largest, heaviest, and most coarsely fibered muscle in the body

A

Gluteus maximus

38
Q

Separate the gluteus maximus from adjacent structures

A

Gluteal bursae

39
Q

Deep muscles of the gluteal region functions to…

A

Laterally rotate thigh

40
Q

What are the deep muscles of the gluteal region?

A 
Piriformis
Gluteus medius and minimus
Obturator internus
Superior and inferior gemelli
Quadratus femoris
41
Q

What forms the triceps coxae

A

Obturator internus

Superior and inferior gemelli

42
Q

What muscles occupies the gap between piriformis and quadratus femoris

A

Triceps coxae

43
Q

The two phases of the gate cycle and what occurs in those two phases

A

Stance phase

  • begins with heel strike
  • ends with push off

Swing phase

  • begins after push off
  • ends when heel strikes ground
44
Q

What muscle works to maintain both hips at the same level

A

Gluteus medius

45
Q

Chief flexor of the thigh

A

Iliopsoas

46
Q

What muscle is in the anterior thigh but functions to adduct the thigh

A

Pectineus

47
Q

Also known as the tailors muscle

A

Sartorius

48
Q

Muscle that allows one to sit cross legged

A

Sartorius

49
Q

What is the longest muscle

A

Sartorius

50
Q

Anterior thigh muscle but acts to flex thigh and leg

A

Sartorius

51
Q

Main action of anterior muscles of thigh

A

Flexors of thigh and extension of leg

52
Q

What is the greatest extensor of the leg

A

Quadriceps femoris

53
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the quadriceps femoris

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis

54
Q

What muscles do not cross the hip joint. Are only at the femur. And functions for knee extension only

A

Vasti muscles

55
Q

What is the action of the medial muscles of the thigh and enumerate them

A 
Adductors of the thigh
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis
Obturator externus (lateral rotation)
56
Q

What makes up the pes anserinus

A

Semitendinosus
Sartorius
Gracilis

57
Q

What are the hamstring muscles

A

Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Senimembranosus

58
Q

What muscle is affected in rider’s strain?

A

Adductor longus

59
Q

What are the muscles located in the posterior thigh

A

Hamstring muscles

  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
  • biceps femoris
60
Q

What are the contents of the femoral sheath

A

Femoral artery vein and lymphatics

61
Q

Where does femoral herniation usually occur in the femoral sheath? Artery or vein or canal with lymphatics?

A

Lymphatics because its spacious compared to other two which occupies the space fully

Femoral ring!!

62
Q

3 compartments of the femoral sheath. Lateral contains what medial what and intermediate what

A

Lateral - femoral artery
Intermediate - femoral vein
Medial - femoral canal

63
Q

What forms the base of the femoral canal

A

Femoral ring

64
Q

Where does the external iliac artery become the femoral artery?

A

When it passes the inguinal ligament

65
Q

What are the borders of the femoral triangle

A

Superior - inguinal ligament
Lateral - sartorius
Medial - adductor longus

66
Q

What are the contents of the femoral triangle (from lateral to medial)

A 
Femoral nerve
Femoral sheath (artery, vein, lymphs)
67
Q

Also known as the subartorial or hunter canal

A

Adductor canal

68
Q

What canal provides an intermuscular passage for the femoral artery, vein, saphenous nerve, nerve to vastus medialis

A

Adductor canal

69
Q

Where is the adductor hiatus found

A

Adductor magnus

70
Q

What transmits the femoral artery and vein from the adductor canal to the popliteal fossa

A

Adductor hiatus

71
Q

What comprises the knee joint

A

Femur
Tibia
Patella

72
Q

The knee joint is what type of synovial joint

A

Hinge joint

73
Q

What ligaments crisscross within the knee joint capsule

A

Cruciate ligaments

74
Q

What prevents the hyperflexion of the knee joint

A

PCL

75
Q

What prevents the hyperextension of knee joint

A

ACL

76
Q

Which is weaker, ACL or PCL?

A

ACL

77
Q

What prevents the anterior displacement of the femur? How about the posterior displacement?

A

PCL

ACL

Lower Extremity Anatomy (1 decks)

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