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H & P (Final Exam) > Pelvic Exam > Flashcards

Pelvic Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is the superior border of the breast exam?

A

clavicle

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2
Q

What is the inferior border of the breast exam?

A

6th rib

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3
Q

What is the lateral border of the breast exam?

A

Midaxillary line

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4
Q

What is the medial border of the breast exam?

A

sternum

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5
Q

What are the 4 components of the breast examination?

A
  1. Introduction (eg. explain exam, wash hands, etc..)
  2. Breast inspection
  3. Lymph node palpation
  4. Breast palpation
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6
Q

What is the name for thickening of the tissue with “orange peel” appearance
?

A

Peau d’orange

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7
Q

What are the 6 features to inspect on a breast examination?

A

Size
Symmetry
Shape
Contour (flattening, masses, and dimpling)
Skin (color, edema, rashes, lesions, thickening, and venous pattern)
Scars (previous surgery, injuries)

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8
Q

Recent onset of unilateral nipple inversion is suggestive of?

A

underlying malignancy

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9
Q

What lymph nodes need to be examined during the breast examination?

A
  1. Supraclavicular lymph nodes

2. Axillary lymph nodes (anterior axial, mid-axillary and post axiallary)

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10
Q

Where does secondary drainage of breast lymph drain?

A

internal mammary (can also drain to supraclavicular and jugular nodes

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11
Q

What is the name for the extension of the breast tissue that extends into the axilla?

A

Tail of Spence

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12
Q

Name three types of tissue being examined with breast palpation?

A
  1. Adipose
  2. Glandular tissue
  3. Ductal tissue
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13
Q

How long should a Bra size B breast take to examine?

A

3 minutes per breast (total of 6 minutes)

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14
Q

Where is a common area of recurrence of breast cancer?

A

the scar from a previous surgery

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15
Q

How is earlier menarche related to breast cancer?

A

Earlier menarche = higher risk for breast cancer

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16
Q

Name the 4 parts of the pelvic exam?

A
  1. External exam: Inspection of the vulva and introitus
  2. Internal exam: speculum, obtaining samples - pap and HPV, cultures, biopsy
  3. Bimanual exam (palpation)
  4. Rectal/Rectovaginal exam
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17
Q

Are skene’s glands to the sides of the urethra inspected or palpated?

A

inspected (can be inflamed with chlamydia)

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18
Q

Which 4 structures are palpated during the pelvic exam?

A
  1. Mons pubis
  2. Labia majora and minora
  3. Prepuce
  4. Bartholin’s duct
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19
Q

Which 4 structures are inspected during the pelvice exam?

A
  1. Clitoris
  2. Urethral meatus
  3. Introitus and hymen
  4. Paraurethral (Skene’s) gland
20
Q

Name 5 types of vulvar lesions

A
  1. Apthous ulcers
  2. Genital herpes
    3 Epidermal inclusion cysts (common and normal finding)
  3. Warts
  4. Vulvar neoplasia
21
Q

What is a caruncle?

A

Caruncle- lesion around the urethra (nothing medical needs to be done)

22
Q

What is a cystocele?

A

prolapse of the bladder into the vagina

23
Q

At what angle should the speculum be inserted into the vagina?

A

45 degrees

24
Q

Should you be applying upward pressure or downward pressure when inserting the speculum?

A

Apply downward pressure

25
Q

In what type of cervix would you expect to see “large external os, transverse with stellate slit”

A

Normal parous cervix (has had children)

26
Q

What is the significance of the squamo-columnar junction?

A

This is the junction between the cervical skin (pink) and endocervical canal (red)

27
Q

What is the most likely site of dysplasia (abnormal cell changes)?

A

Squamo-columnar junction (opening of the cervix)

28
Q

Are unilateral transverse, bilateral transverse and stellate normal changes of cervical os?

A

yes, unilateral transverse, bilateral transverse and stellate are variations of normal (lacerations from delivery)

29
Q

What type of disease is a strawberry cervix associated with?

A

STI

30
Q

Are nabothian cysts normal or abnormal finding of the cervix?

A

normal

31
Q

Name two pap smear sampling devices

A
  1. Broom

2. Cytobrush/spatula

32
Q

Where should the dominate hand go during the bimanual exam?

A

internally

33
Q

Where should the non dominate hand go during the bimanual exam?

A

on abdomen

34
Q

What are the expected finding of palpating the uterus?

A
  • Pear-shaped
  • Rounded
  • Firm
  • Smooth
35
Q

What are the expected findings of palpating the ovaries?

A
  • smooth
  • ovoid
  • mildly tender to palpation

notes:

  • may not be palpable
  • similar to an almond
36
Q

What is the most common type of urterine position?

A

anteverted

37
Q

Which uterine position variation is hardest to palpate?

A

retroflexed

38
Q

Which exam will be helpful in palpating a retroverted or retroflexed uterus?

A

Retovaginal exam

39
Q

What are 5 purposes of a rectovaginal exam?

A
  1. palpate retroverted or retroflexed uterus
  2. Palpate uterosacral ligaments
  3. Palpate the cul-de-sac and adnexa (fallopian and ovarian area)
  4. Screen for colorectal cancer
  5. Asses pelvic pathology
40
Q

What is the name for infection or inflammation of the ovarian tubes?

A

salpingitis

41
Q

What is the term for painful sexual intercourse?

A

Dyspareunia

42
Q

What is the word for number of pregnancies?

A

Gravidity

43
Q

What is the word for births?

A

Parity

44
Q

What does TPAL stand for?

A

T-erm births
P-remature births
A-bortions (spontaneous or induced)
L-ive births

45
Q

What does G3P1112 stand for?

A

3 pregnancies

1 term birth
1 premature birth
1 abortion
2 live births

H & P (Final Exam) (3 decks)

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