Pelvic and Perineal Neurology Flashcards
anterior scrotal n
anterior scrotum
anterior labial n
anterior labia majora
genital branch of genitofemoral n.
scrotum in males and labia majora in females
obturator n
enters the Pelvis along the lateral Pelvic Wall,
travels into the Obturator Canal with the Obturator A. and V., branches into an
anterior and posterior division and innervates Medial Thigh musculature
lumbosacral trunk
feeds into the Sacral Plexus
superior gluteal n
gluteus medius m and gluteus minimus m
inferior gluteal n
gluteus maximus m
n to quadratus femoris m
L4-S1
n to obturator internus m
L5-S2
n to piriformis
S1-2
posterior Femoral cutaneous n
S1-3; to the Buttock and upper most region of posterior Thigh
perineal branch
scrotum (M) labia majora (F)
perforating cutaneous branches
S2-3 to the medial buttock
inferior rectal n
anal canal inferior to the pectinate line and external anal sphincter m
dorsal n of penis
travels along the dorsum of the penis
dorsal n of clitoris
travels along the dorsum of the clitoris
deep perineal n
superficial and deep transverse perineal ms, ischiocavernosus m, bulbospongiosus m, vaginal vestibule and inferior most part of the vagina
posterior scrotal n
terminal branch of perineal n to posterior aspect of scrotum
posterior labial n
terminal branch of perineal n to posterior aspect of labia majora
anococcygeal n
small area of skin in the coccygeal region
n to levator ani
S4
n to coccygeus
S4,5
Lumbar (abdominal) sympatheitc trunk
Paravertebral
Sympathetic Trunk; continuous superiorly with the Thoracic Sympathetic
Trunk and inferiorly with the Sacral (Pelvic) Sympathetic Trunk
lumbar splanchnic n
Presynaptic Sympathetic Fibers from the Lumbar Sympathetic Trunk, L1-5, travel primarily to the
Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion to synapse onto Postsynaptic Cells, with some Postsynaptic fibers feeding into the Superior Hypogastric
Plexus
inferior mesenteric ganglion
Prevertebral Sympathetic
Ganglion; lies superior to the origin of the Inferior Mesenteric A., houses Postsynaptic Cell Bodies corresponding to the Presynaptic fibers from the Lumbar Splanchnic N., with branches from the Intermesenteric Plexus forms the Inferior Mesenteric and Superior Hypogastric Plexuses
sacral sympathetic trunk
Paravertebral Sympathetic Trunk; continuous superiorly with the Lumbar Sympathetic Trunk, 4 paired ganglia, ending inferiorly in the midline as the Ganglion Impar
ganglion impar
Coccygeal Ganglion; inferior union of the right and left Paravertebral Trunks
sacral splanchinic n
Postsynaptic Sympathetic Fibers arising from the Sacral Sympathetic Trunk, feed into the Inferior Hypogastric Plexus
pelvic splanchnic n
Presynaptic Parasympathetic Fibers from the 2nd
through 4th levels of the Sacral part of the Spinal Cord, the Parasympathetic
Fibers meet with the Sympathetic fibers of the Hypogastric N. to form the
Inferior Hypogastric Plexus
intermesenteric plexus
mixed Sympathetic and
Parasympathetic, Sympathetic and Parasympathetic input from the Superior Mesenteric Plexus, part of the Aortic Plexus, forms the
Periarterial Plexus which follow the gonadal arteries, also feeds Sympathetic into the Inferior Mesenteric Plexus and Superior Hypogastric Plexus
periarterial plexus
descends with the Ovarian A
ovarian plexus
innervates the Uterine Tubes
and Ovaries
superior hypogastric plexus
continuous with the
Intermesenteric Plexus and Inferior Mesenteric Plexus, exclusively Sympathetic, Sympathetic input from Lumbar Splanchnic Ns., lies anterior to the bifurcation of the Abdominal Aorta, produces the Ureteric Plexus
and Testicular Plexus, which travel along the Common Iliac As., sends paired Hypogastric Ns. to the Inferior Hypogastric Plexus
inferior hypogastric plexus
Mixed Sympathetic and
Parasympathetic; Sympathetic input from Hypogastric Ns. and Sacral Splanchnic Ns., Parasympathetic input from the Pelvic Splanchnic Ns.; in
addition to Parasympathetically innervating the Descending and Sigmoid Colon the Inferior Hypogastric plexus forms multiple subplexuses
generically referred to as Pelvic Plexuses, these include the Vesical Plexus, Uterovaginal Plexus in females and Prostatic Plexus in males, in addition to the Prostatic Plexus many direct branches innervate Pelvic
Viscera in the male, as well as the Anal Canal above the Pectinate Line in both males and females
function to the rectum and anal canal
Sympathetic:
contraction of the Internal Anal Sphincter M., Parasympathetic: inhibits contraction of the Internal Anal Sphincter M. and stimulates peristalsis
vesical plexus
Mixed Sympathetic and
Parasympathetic, continuous with the Inferior Hypogastric Plexus, innervates the Detrusor M. and Internal Urethral Sphincter M.
function to the urinary bladder
Sympathetic:
causes contraction of the Internal Urethral Sphincter M.;
Parasympathetic: causes contraction of the Detrusor M. and relaxation of the Internal Urethral Sphincter M.
uterovaginal plexus
Mixed Sympathetic and
Parasympathetic, continuous with the Inferior Hypogastric Plexus, innervates the Uterus, Uterine Tubes, Vagina and Ovaries
uterine plexus
innervates the Uterus and
Uterine Tubes
cavernous ns of uterine plexus
Parasympathetic innervation to the Bulbs of the Vestibule, Clitoris and Vestibular Glands
function: produces erection of the Clitoris, engorgement of the Bulbs of the Vestibule
and increases vaginal secretion
prostatic plexus
Mixed Sympathetic and
Parasympathetic, innervates the Prostate Gland and much of the male Urethra
cavernous ns of prostatic plexus
convey Parasympathetic
innervation to the Helicine arteries that supply the erectile tissue
function: Parasympathetic: producing penile erection
n of the ductus deferenes
Mixed Sympathetic and Parasympathetic, innervates the Ductus Deferens
function: Sympathetic: contraction of the Internal Urethral Sphincter M., peristalsis-like contraction of the Ductus Deferens
n of the ejaculatory ducts
Mixed Sympathetic and Parasympathetic, innervates the Ejaculatory Ducts
function: Sympathetic:
peristalsis-like contraction of the Ejaculatory Ducts
n of the seminal vesicles
Mixed Sympathetic and Parasympathetic, innervates the Seminal vesicles
Function: Sympathetic: contraction and secretion of the Seminal Vesicles to add to Semen
