Peloponnesian War and Persian War Flashcards
Who won the first Peloponnesian War?
Sparta
What did Athens do after they lost the first Peloponnesian War?
Built new walls to protect the city and port which thereby protected supplies that were delivered to its port.
Why did the Peloponnesian League start a second Peloponnesian War?
They were afraid that Athens was building an empire that would threaten the economy and government of their city-states.
What was the strategy for winning the second Peloponnesian War?
Sparta set fire to the farmland around Athens and then attacked the city.
While Sparta was destroying farmland and attacking the walls around Athens, where was the Athenian military?
Athens navy was blocking trade to Sparta and Corinth while Athens infantry attacked cities allied with Sparta and Corinth.
What caused Athens and its citizens to not survive the attack by Sparta?
plaque
With Athens dying of plaque, its military planned a new attack against Syracuse, a Spartan colony that provided money and trade to Sparta and Corinth. Athens hoped a victory at Syracuse would cripple Sparta. What actually happened?
Sparta attacked the Athenian army at Syracuse and destroyed most of the Athenian army and navy.
Who ultimately won the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta.
Athens wanted to be ready for when the Persians returned, so they formed an alliance system, called the Delian League, with several Greek city states throughout the Aegean Sea. Each city-state paid tribute to Athens. What did Athens use this tribute money to do?
Rebuilt Athens.
Which city-states were found on the Peloponnesian peninsula?
Persia, Sparta, Corinth.
What was the main reason Sparta and Athens agreed to a Thirty-Year Peace after the Persian War?
They needed time to recover from the war.
What was a negative consequence mentioned of building walls for Athenians?
Many people died from plaque within the walls.
Which city-state did Persia try to conquer which led to the Persian War?
Athens
Who were the two leaders of the Persians during the Persian War?
Darius I and Xerxes.
During which battle was a large part of the Persian fleet destroyed in the waters near Athens?
Salamis.
