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Pelant Kindom Flashcards

1
Q

Who is known as the Father of Taxonomy?

A

Carl Linnaeus

Carl Linnaeus introduced the binomial nomenclature system for naming organisms.

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2
Q

What classification system did Ernst Haeckel propose in 1894?

A

2 Kingdom Classification: Animalia and Plantae

Haeckel’s system simplified the classification of organisms into two main kingdoms.

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3
Q

What term did Ernst Haeckel coin in 1866?

A

‘Ecology’

Ecology refers to the study of interactions among organisms and their environment.

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4
Q

Who proposed the 3 domains classification in 1997?

A

Carl Woese

Woese’s classification includes Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

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5
Q

Who is referred to as the Father of Indian ecology?

A

Ramdeo Mishra

Mishra contributed significantly to the study of ecology in India.

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6
Q

What classification system did Robert Whittaker introduce in 1969?

A

5 Kingdoms Classification

Whittaker’s classification includes Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

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7
Q

What are the primary bases for classification in biology?

A
  • Modes of nutrition
  • Cell structure (prokaryotic vs eukaryotic)
  • Unicellular vs multicellular organization
  • Presence or absence of cell wall

These factors help in categorizing organisms based on their biological characteristics.

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8
Q

What type of organisms does the Kingdom Monera include?

A

Prokaryotic organisms

Monera includes bacteria which lack a defined nucleus.

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9
Q

What is the main characteristic of Kingdom Protista?

A

Unicellular eukaryotic organisms

Protista consists of organisms that have a defined nucleus and are mostly aquatic.

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10
Q

What are the modes of nutrition found in Kingdom Protista?

A
  • Autotrophic
  • Heterotrophic

Protista can obtain energy through photosynthesis or by consuming other organisms.

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11
Q

What is the classification hierarchy from Kingdom to Species?

A
  • Kingdom
  • Phylum/Division
  • Class
  • Order
  • Family
  • Genus
  • Species

This hierarchical structure helps in organizing biological diversity.

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12
Q

What are the examples of organisms in Kingdom Monera?

A
  • Euglena
  • Amoeba
  • Paramecium
  • Plasmodium

These organisms showcase the diversity within the prokaryotic classification.

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13
Q

What are the two main types of bacteria classified under Kingdom Monera?

A
  • Archaebacteria
  • Eubacteria

These two groups represent the major divisions of bacteria based on genetic and biochemical differences.

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14
Q

True or False: All organisms in Kingdom Protista are multicellular.

A

False

Kingdom Protista primarily consists of unicellular organisms.

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: Taxonomy is the science of _______.

A

describing, naming, and classifying organisms

Taxonomy encompasses all forms of life, including plants, animals, and microorganisms.

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16
Q

What type of structure does Euglena have for movement?

A

Tail-like structure

This structure assists in locomotion.

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17
Q

What are the false feet of certain protists called?

A

Pseudopod

Pseudopods help in movement and capturing food.

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18
Q

What is the characteristic of the Kingdom Fungi?

A

Multicellular except yeast

Fungi typically consist of multiple cells, with the exception of yeast.

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19
Q

What is the function of contractile vacuoles in cells?

A

Helps in cell movement

Contractile vacuoles regulate water balance and assist in movement.

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20
Q

What structure in Euglena helps to move food to its oral cavity?

A

Cytoplasm

Cytoplasmic streaming aids in transporting nutrients.

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21
Q

What is the main component of the cell wall in fungi?

A

Chitin

Chitin is a complex sugar that provides structural support.

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22
Q

What is the role of the photoreceptor in Euglena?

A

Paraflagellar body

This structure helps Euglena detect light for photosynthesis.

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23
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ is responsible for locomotion in Paramecium.

A

Cilia

Cilia are tiny hair-like structures that aid in movement.

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24
Q

What type of vacuole is involved in the regulation of water in cells?

A

Contractile vacuole

These vacuoles expel excess water from the cell.

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25
True or False: The Nucleus is present in all eukaryotic cells.
True ## Footnote The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material.
26
What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum?
Rough and Smooth ## Footnote Rough ER is studded with ribosomes, while Smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis.
27
What is the primary function of food vacuoles?
Digest food ## Footnote Food vacuoles store and digest nutrients within the cell.
28
What is the jelly-like substance inside the cell called?
Cytoplasm ## Footnote Cytoplasm is the medium where cellular processes occur.
29
What is the function of the pellicle in Euglena?
Provides structure and flexibility ## Footnote The pellicle allows Euglena to maintain its shape while being flexible.
30
List two examples of fungi.
* Rhizopus (Bread mould) * Mushroom ## Footnote These are common examples of fungi found in nature.
31
What is an example of a symbiotic relationship?
Lichen - Blue green algae + fungi ## Footnote Lichens are organisms that arise from the symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae, where both organisms benefit from each other.
32
What change occurs in lichen due to global warming?
Changes color ## Footnote Global warming can affect the pigmentation of lichens, indicating environmental changes.
33
What is Penicillin used for?
Medicine ## Footnote Penicillin is an antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming, used to treat bacterial infections.
34
What is yeast commonly used for in baking?
Fermentation ## Footnote Yeast helps in the fermentation process that makes bread rise and gives it texture.
35
What type of nutrition do fungi primarily exhibit?
Heterotrophic ## Footnote Fungi obtain their food from organic substances, unlike autotrophic organisms that produce their own food.
36
What are the two types of nutrition exhibited by fungi?
Saprophytic and Parasitic ## Footnote Saprophytic fungi feed on decaying organic material, while parasitic fungi depend on a host organism for nutrients.
37
What is the cellular composition of fungi?
Eukaryotes ## Footnote Fungi are composed of eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus and organelles.
38
What is a characteristic of the Kingdom Plantae?
Sedentary ## Footnote Members of the Kingdom Plantae are typically non-motile and remain fixed in one place.
39
What type of cell is Saccharomyces?
Yeast cell ## Footnote Saccharomyces is a genus of fungi that includes yeast, commonly used in baking and brewing.
40
What is the nature of Saccharomyces?
Autotrophic in nature ## Footnote This statement is incorrect; Saccharomyces are actually heterotrophic as they require organic compounds for nutrition.
41
What is a defining feature of the classification of Plantae?
Ability to produce flowers ## Footnote The classification of Plantae often considers the presence of flowers as a key characteristic.
42
What are the two classifications of Plantae based on vascular tissues?
With vascular tissues and Without vascular tissues ## Footnote Vascular plants have specialized structures for transporting water and nutrients, unlike non-vascular plants.
43
What is Thallophyta?
Made up of cellulose and do not have differentiated body parts ## Footnote Thallophyta includes simple plants like algae and fungi that lack complex structures.
44
What type of body parts do Bryophyta have?
Differentiated body parts ## Footnote Bryophyta, such as mosses, are characterized by having specialized structures for different functions.
45
What are two examples of fungi?
Penicillium (Mold) and Agaricus (Mushroom) ## Footnote These are common examples of fungi, with Penicillium being important for antibiotic production and Agaricus being edible.
46
Fill in the blank: The first lichen park in India is located in _______.
Uttarakhand ## Footnote This park is dedicated to the study and preservation of lichens.
47
What are the characteristics of Thallophyta?
• Mostly aquatic • Non-motile • Autotrophic • Eukaryotic organisms • Plants are called algae
48
What is the study of algae called?
Phycology
49
Name the three types of algae classified under Thallophyta.
• Green algae: Chlorophyceae • Red algae: Rhodophyceae • Brown algae: Phaeophyceae
50
Give an example of a green algae.
Chlorella
51
What is mannitol and from which plant is it derived?
A sweet alcohol made from kelp
52
What are the male and female reproductive parts of Bryophyta?
• Male part: Antheridium • Female part: Archegonium
53
Where are Bryophyta typically found?
In damp and moist areas
54
How does reproduction occur in Bryophyta?
Through water
55
What are root-like structures present in Bryophyta called?
Rhizoids
56
What is a distinguishing feature of Bryophyta?
No specialized tissues for water and food conduction
57
What is the difference between monocots and dicots in terms of cotyledons?
• Monocots: One cotyledon • Dicots: Two cotyledons
58
What type of root system do monocots typically have?
Fibrous roots
59
What type of root system do dicots typically have?
Tap roots
60
What is the defining feature of Angiosperms?
They produce flowers
61
Fill in the blank: The male sex organ of algae, mosses, ferns, fungi, and other non-flowering plants is called _______.
Antheridium
62
What are the two types of vascular arrangements in plant roots?
• Scattered (monocots) • Ringed (dicots)
63
List examples of algae from the Rhodophyceae class.
• Porphyra • Gelidium • Polysiphonia • Gracilaria
64
What are the components of a frond in algae?
• Blade • Gas bladder • Stipe • Holdfast
65
What is the significance of Bryophyta in the plant kingdom?
They are known as the amphibians of the Plant Kingdom

Bio Plant Kingdom (1 decks)

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