P.E.E.L.S

Question 1

explanations of conformity

evaluation of explanations of conformity
- support NSI
- support ISI
- criticism of ISI/NSI

Answer 1

PEEL 1: SUPPORT NSI
P - Asch research support
E - 75 % conformed once, self conscious, wrote answers down reduced to 12.5%
E - pressure gone, knew answer in condition 1, NSI = VALID
L - temporal validity, 1950s, Cold War, increased conformity ????
PEEL 2: SUPPORT ISI
P - Lucas research support
E - conformity higher on difficult questions
E - expert, wanted be right, internalisation, ISI = VALID
L - NSI can also explain this
PEEL 3: CRITICISM OF NSI/ISI
P - other factors
E - disrupted unanimity
E - social support reduced conformity, unanimous position broke
L - dispositional factors, personality, student sample

Question 2

confmority to social roles

evaluation of Zimbardos stanford prison experiment
- criticism
- criticism
- support

Answer 2

PEEL 1: CRITICISIM
P - distressed
E - anxiety/depression present
E - zimbardo couldn’t stop it, he had conformed, unethical
L - BPS guidelines developed, didn’t have any to break then, cost vs benefit
PEEL 2: CRITICISM
P - low ecological validity
E - guards untrained, prisoners no rights, no physical abuse like real prisons
E - may conformed less or more due to knowing it’s a fake situation? no consequences of actions
L - elements such as arrest like real life
PEEL 3: SUPPORT
P - good application to real life
E - explains behaviours in holocaust? improve prisoners lives?
E - help court cases
L - low generalisability, gender bias

Question 3

explanations of obedience

evaluation of milgrams explanation of obedience
- criticism
- criticism
- crticism

Answer 3

PEEL 1: CRITICISM
P - poor sample
E - 40 men, ignores women, women may obey more/ less
E - results cant be generalised, gender bias, results not accurate
L - sheridan and king, 7/13 M and 13/15 F obeyed, MILGRAM = CORRECT
PEEL 2: CRITICISM
P - low ecologcial validty
E - lab, not real life, may obey diferently in real life
E - no conseuqences, temporal validity, unaccurate
L - hofflings nurse study, high eco validity, 21/22 obeyed
PEEL 3: CRITICISM
P - unethical
E - physical/mental harm, stress, seziure
E - deception
L - deception justified

Question 4

explanations of obedience