Peds Test #1 - Key Terms Flashcards
Family unit with adoptive children who are chosen and taken into family by legal process and raised as the family’s own.
adoptive family
Process of systematic stereotyping and discrimination against people because of their adbanced age
ageism
Family unit with unequal relationships; parents attempt to control with strict, rigid rules and expectations.
autocratic family pattern
Family unit formed by parents who bring unrelated children from prior marriages into a new, joint living situation. Also known as a stepfamily.
blended (reconstituted) family
Growth and developmet that proceeds from the head toward the feet. The infant’s head is large compared with the rest of the body.
cephalocaudal
Threadlike structures in the nucleus of a cell that function in the transmission of genetic information.
chromosomes
Phase of Piaget’s theory in which thoughts become increasingly logical and coherent so that the child is able to classify, sort, and organize facts while still being incapable of generalizing or dealing with abstractions; occurs between 7 to 10 years of age.
concrete operational phase
Family style in which the adult members are considered equal and children are treated with respect and recognized as individuals.
democratic family pattern
An emotional disorder brought on by an imbalance of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain, which brings about exaggerated feelings of sadness, melancholy, emptiness, worthlessness, and frustration. Fatigue, inability to concentrate, short-term memory loss, and sleep pattern disturbance, as well as slowed body functions, can be seen with this disorder.
depression
Gradual process or change and differentiation from a simple to a more advanced level of complexity.
development
Period of family life when the grown children depart from the home. In some family units this stage is brief because the adult children return to live in the family home.
disengagement stage
Period when the couple prepares for marriage and becomes free of parental domination
engagement or commitment stage
Period in a couple’s life between their wedding and the birth of their first child.
establishment stage
The period of family life that begins when conception occurs and continues through the pregnancy
expectant stage
A family group consisting of the biologic parents, their children, the grandparents, and other family members.
extended family
Piaget’s phase that begins during adolescence, permitting abstract reasoning and systematic scientific problem solving.
formal operational thought stage
Family unit that cares for, supervises, and nurtures children whose parents are unable to care for them.
foster family
Increase in the size of an organism or any of its parts.
growth
Family group made up of same-sex adults who share bonds of emotional commitment and roles of childrearing.
homosexual family
Average number of years an individual will probably live.
life expectancy
A style in which the female assumes primary dominance in areas of child care and home making; also known as matrilocal.
matriarchal family pattern
A family unit consisting of the biological parents and their offspring.
nuclear family
Begins at the birth or adoption of the first child.
parenthood stage
A family style in which the male assumes the dominant role.
patriarchal family pattern
Piaget’s phase of child development during the period of 2 to 7 years of age, when the child focuses on the use of language as a tool. The child has the emerging ability to reason.
preoperational thought stage
Innate knowledge structure that allows a child to organize his or her mind
schema
Anything that physically or psychologically injures school children or damages school property.
school violence
The last stage of the life cycle that requries the older adult to cope with a long range of changes.
senescence stage
The developmental stage of childhood encompassing the period from birth to 2 years of age, according to Piaget’s psychology. In this stage, an infant’s knowledge of the work comes about primarily through sensory impressions and motor activities.
sensorimotor stage
Family group that occurs when one parent leaves the nuclear family because of divorce, separation, desertion, or death. May also be the result of unwed parents living alone or the decision of a single person to adopt a child.
single-parent family
Any substance, agent, or process that interferes with normal prenatal development, causing the formation of one or more developmental abnormalities in the fetus.
teratogen
Cell formed by the union of 2 reproductive cells.
zygote
Psychological preparation, based on developmental stage, of a person for an event expected to be stressful, as in preparing a child for surgery by explaining what will happen and what it will feel like; also used to prepare parents for normal growth and development of their children.
anticipatory guidance
An often fatal form of food poisoning caused by an endotoxin produced by the baciullus clostridium botulinum.
botulism
Tooth decay that is the result of prolonged nursing after the infant has been put to bed, when the milk, juice, or other fluid is allowed to bathe the teeth, thus providing sugar to oral bacteria for growth.
nursing bottle caries
A space, roughly diamond shaped, covered by tough membranes between the bones of an infant’s cranium; the posterior fontanelle is triangular.
anterior fontanelle
An abnormality present at birth, particularly a structural one, that is possible to inherit genetically, acquire during gestation, or acquire during the parturition (process of giving birth).
birth defects / congenital anomalies
Total area exposed to the outside environment.
Body Surface Area (BSA)
Infants and children with congenital abnormalities, malignancies, GI diseases, and CNS anomalies.
children with special needs
The preferred term for mental retardation
cognitive impairment
The position in which the adult’s face and the infant’s face are approximately 8 inches apart and on the same plane, as when the mother holds the infant up in front of her face or when she nurses the infant.
en face position
It is a philosophy of care that recognizes the family as the constant in the child’s life and holds that systems and personnel are called on to support, respect, encourage, and enhance the strengths and competence of the family.
family-centered care
An illness or an abnormal condition or quality
morbidity
The condition of being subject to death
mortality
Baby teeth; the set of 20 teeth that normally appear during infancy. They begin to descend between the 6th and 9th months of life.
primary (deciduous) teeth
The largest of the 4 muscles of the quadriceps femurs, situated on the lateral side of the thigh. This is the preferred site for infant IM injections.
vastus lateralis muscle
Gradually eliminating breastfeeding or bottle feeding and instituting cup and table feedings
weaning
