Peds- Pediatric Toxicology- Dr. Lowry

Question 1

what is the second leading cause of injuries seen in EDs in 1-4 year olds?

Answer 1

Unintentional posionings

Question 2

are child resistant caps child proof?

Answer 2

NO

Question 3

what type of exposure to poison accounts for the majority (83%) of exposures?

Answer 3

ingestions

Question 4

what are the top four substance categories involved in human exposure toxicities?

Answer 4

analgesics
cosmetics/personal care products
cleaning substances
foreign bodies/ toys/ miscellaneous

Question 5

what are the top substances categories involved in Pediatric exposures for toxicities?

Answer 5

Cosmetics/ personal care products
analgesics
cleaning substances
toys/ miscellaneous

Question 6

what are the two main reasons for intentional toxicities?

Answer 6

suicide

substance abuse

Question 7

from ages 0-12, what is the most common reason for toxicity?

Answer 7

Unintentional

Question 8

what is the most common reason for toxic ingestion in ages 13-19?

Answer 8

Intentional

Question 9

children younger than how old account for roughly 50% of all human exposures called to the poison control centers?

Answer 9

younger than 6 years old

Question 10

which pill did she mention in class specifically could kill, “one pill can kill”

Answer 10

verapamil- child can die from one pill

Question 11

what other things fall under the title of one pill can kill?

Answer 11

Calcium channel blockers, centrally acting alpha agonists, methylsalicylate, sulfonylureas, TCAs, choroquine, diphenoxylateatropine, toxic alcohols and methadone

Question 12

what are some examples of environmental exposure?

Answer 12

tobacco smoke, allergens, bioarerosols, CO, chemicals in indoor enviroments

Question 13

children over age of 12 are more likely to intentionally ingest drugs for what?

Answer 13

abuse and suicide

Question 14

is Ipecac used now a days? why?

Answer 14

NO. it is only as effective as charcoal if administered 5 mins after toxic exposure. 5 mins is an unreasonable time table.

Question 15

according to the CDC statistics, the percent of deaths from poisonings increased how much from 2000 to 2009?

Answer 15

80%

Question 16

what does the FDA recommend for use of cough and cold preps in children under 6?

Answer 16

NO cough and cold preps should be used

Question 17

What is MUDPILES?

Answer 17

High anion gap metabolic acidosis
Methanol, Metformin
Uremia
Diabetic ketoacidosis 
Paraldehyde, Phenformin 
Izoniazid, Iron, Ibuprofen 
Lactic acid 
Ethanol, Ethylene Glycol 
Salicylates

Question 18

what good are urine drug screens?

Answer 18

they should be used as a tool to help diagnose but not be a definitive diagnosis or conclusive reason. many false negatives and false positives

Question 19

management of poisoned patient?

Answer 19

ABCs- airway, breathing, circulation
deconatmination- consider charcoal in child with potentially harmful dose
emetics is not recommended

Question 20

t or f? treatment of poisoned pateint is largely symptomatic and supportive

Answer 20

True

Question 21

which population are fatalities less likely in?

Answer 21

Kids as opposed to adults

Question 22

should poison centers and medical toxicologists be utilized to help in the management of these patients?

Answer 22

yes