Peds- Pediatric Toxicology- Dr. Lowry Flashcards
what is the second leading cause of injuries seen in EDs in 1-4 year olds?
Unintentional posionings
are child resistant caps child proof?
NO
what type of exposure to poison accounts for the majority (83%) of exposures?
ingestions
what are the top four substance categories involved in human exposure toxicities?
analgesics
cosmetics/personal care products
cleaning substances
foreign bodies/ toys/ miscellaneous
what are the top substances categories involved in Pediatric exposures for toxicities?
Cosmetics/ personal care products
analgesics
cleaning substances
toys/ miscellaneous
what are the two main reasons for intentional toxicities?
suicide
substance abuse
from ages 0-12, what is the most common reason for toxicity?
Unintentional
what is the most common reason for toxic ingestion in ages 13-19?
Intentional
children younger than how old account for roughly 50% of all human exposures called to the poison control centers?
younger than 6 years old
which pill did she mention in class specifically could kill, “one pill can kill”
verapamil- child can die from one pill
what other things fall under the title of one pill can kill?
Calcium channel blockers, centrally acting alpha agonists, methylsalicylate, sulfonylureas, TCAs, choroquine, diphenoxylateatropine, toxic alcohols and methadone
what are some examples of environmental exposure?
tobacco smoke, allergens, bioarerosols, CO, chemicals in indoor enviroments
children over age of 12 are more likely to intentionally ingest drugs for what?
abuse and suicide
is Ipecac used now a days? why?
NO. it is only as effective as charcoal if administered 5 mins after toxic exposure. 5 mins is an unreasonable time table.
according to the CDC statistics, the percent of deaths from poisonings increased how much from 2000 to 2009?
80%
what does the FDA recommend for use of cough and cold preps in children under 6?
NO cough and cold preps should be used
What is MUDPILES?
High anion gap metabolic acidosis Methanol, Metformin Uremia Diabetic ketoacidosis Paraldehyde, Phenformin Izoniazid, Iron, Ibuprofen Lactic acid Ethanol, Ethylene Glycol Salicylates
what good are urine drug screens?
they should be used as a tool to help diagnose but not be a definitive diagnosis or conclusive reason. many false negatives and false positives
management of poisoned patient?
ABCs- airway, breathing, circulation
deconatmination- consider charcoal in child with potentially harmful dose
emetics is not recommended
t or f? treatment of poisoned pateint is largely symptomatic and supportive
True
which population are fatalities less likely in?
Kids as opposed to adults
should poison centers and medical toxicologists be utilized to help in the management of these patients?
yes
