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PPD II Ex.2 > Peds Head to Toe Exam > Flashcards

Peds Head to Toe Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Shortly after delivery newborns are routinely given:

A
  • Erythromycin ointment in eyes to prevent infection
  • Vitamin K injection to prevent bleeding
  • Full bath
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2
Q

Prior to discharge newborns receive

A

First hepatitis B immunization

Hearing screen

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3
Q

____ in a Neonate is an emergency!!

A

Fever - Rectal over 100.4

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4
Q

Common issues at one month check: (3)

A
  • Constipation (perceived)
  • Colic (peaks at 1-2 months)
  • Congestion
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5
Q

Important topics for first week (2-5 days) newborn visit: (4)

A
  • Sleep on Back
  • Vit D supplement for breast fed babies
  • no honey for first year of life
  • set water heater to 120 deg F
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6
Q

For an infant exam you must be ____ with the ____ and begin with the _____ exam first.

A
  • Flexible
  • Sequence
  • Hear and Lung
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7
Q

Important topics for the 4 month visit: (3)

A
  • Starting Solids
  • Sleep
  • Safety = infants can drown in 1 inch of water
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8
Q

Before 9 mo the exam can be done on the ____. After this ______ sets in and the exam can be done on the ______.

A
  • Exam table
  • Stranger Danger
  • Parent’s Lap
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9
Q

Considerations for a Toddler’s Exam: (4)

A
  • perform on parent’s lap
  • allow child to interact with equipment
  • use equipment on parent or toy first
  • flexible sequence (save less tolerated potions for last)
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10
Q

Number for Poison Control

A

1-800-222-1222

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11
Q

Topics for 18 month exam: (4)

A
  • Toilet Training
  • Temper Tantrums
  • Anxiety
  • Consistent Discipline
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12
Q

General Considerations for School Aged Child Exam:(3)

A
  • Respect child’s modesty
  • Describe what you are doing step by step
  • be flexible with sequence
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13
Q

Topics for 10 year old Exam: (5)

A
  • Booster seat recommended until 4’9’’
  • 60 min of physical activity/day
  • bike & skateboard safety
  • sunscreen
  • guns
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14
Q

Topics for 11-14 year old exam: (8)

A

“HEEADSSS”

  • Home
  • Education
  • Eating
  • Activity
  • Drugs
  • Safety
  • Sex
  • Suicide
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15
Q

Recommended Immunizations for Children: (5)

A
  • RV
    (rotavirus)
  • DTaP
    (diphtheria, tetanus, or pertussis)
  • Hib
    (Haemophilus Influenzae Type b)
  • PCV (Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine)
  • IPV
    (polio)
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16
Q

The Anterior Fontanel is ____ and closes ____.

A
  • Larger and closes later (12 - 18 mo)
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17
Q

The Posterior Fontanel is ____ and closes _____.

A
  • Smaller and closes early (1-2 mo)
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18
Q

Both the anterior and posterior fontanels should be ____ and ____.

A

Soft and Flat (AFS/F)

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19
Q

Define: Caput succedaneum

A

Swelling of a newborn’s scalp appearing as a lump or bump after delivery

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20
Q

Caput succedaneum _____ _____ _____.

A

Crosses Suture Lines

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21
Q

Define: Cephalohematoma

A

is a hemorrhage of blood between the skull and the periosteum of a newborn baby

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22
Q

Cephalohematoma does ___ _____ _____ _____.

A

does not cross suture lines

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23
Q

Bulging of the fontanel indicates _____.

A

Increased intracranial pressure

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24
Q

Define: Seborrheic Dermatitis

A
  • Baby dandruff

- also known as cradle cap

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25
Tinea capitus Definition and Presentation
- ring worm of the scalp | - perfect circular appearance/ hair clearing
26
Alopecia Areata presentation
Non-symmetrical/patchy hair loss
27
Puss around the Eye indicates a ______
Bacterial infection
28
A red sclera indicates ____
Viral or allergic condition
29
A yellow sclera indicates ____
icterus
30
Childeren have _______ as compared to adults which _____.
- Wider, shorter Eustachian Tubes | - predisposes them to otitis media
31
Otitis Media Presentation
- Red, bulging, no cone of light
32
What are epstein pearls?
Mucous cysts on hard palate on infants
33
Define Ankyloglossia
Short, thick lingual frenulum that may limit tongue mobility
34
General treatment for Torticollis?
Physical therapy
35
Normal RR for Neonate?
40 -60 breaths/min
36
Normal HR for Neonate?
120 - 160 beats/min
37
Apnea in an infant is....
greater than a 15-20 sec pause between breaths
38
Signs of respiratory distress in infants (4)
- retractions (intercostal and subcostal) - grunting - nasal flaring - accessory mm use
39
what is diastasis recti?
a gap between the two sides of the rectus abdominis mm
40
Flexible vs Rigid deformities
- Flexible dt in utero positioning; self correcting | - Rigid usually require intervention
41
Galeazzi Sign
With child lying supine and with knees/hips flexed to 90 deg, one leg appears shorter than the other
42
Palmar Grasp
- B to 4 mo | - Place finger in hand and press against palmar surface --> grasp finger
43
Plantar Grasp
- B to 9 mo | - touch sole at base or toes --> toes curl
44
Rooting Reflex
- B to 3/4 mo | - stroke perioral skin at corner of mouth --> mouth opens and baby turns head to side of stimulation
45
Moro (Startle Reflex)
- B to 4 mo | - Hold supine support head, back and legs; abruptly lower 2 feet --> arms abduct and extend, hands open, legs flex
46
Infancy Milestones at 2 mo
social smile and coo
47
Infancy milestone at 4 mo
no head lag with pulling infant to a sitting position
48
Infancy Milestone at 8-9 mo
- pincer grasp | - anticipatory guidance about choking hazards at six month check up
49
Speech development (3)
- age 2 = 2 word sentences - age 3 = 75% of speech is understandable by a stranger - age 4 = 100 % of speech is understandable too all
50
Hemangiomas (3)
- strawberry red - 50% resolve by age 5 - 90% resolve by age 9
51
Mongolian spots (3)
- flat, grey/blue/black large macular lesions - lumbar/sacral region - fade during the first few years of life
52
Impetigo (3)
- "honey crusted lesions" - staph infections can be secondary to scratching - Rx: topical antibiotic cream
53
Ringworm
- elevated rings with central depression/clearing | - Rx: antifungal creams
54
APGAR stands for:
``` A- appearance (color) P - pulse G - grimace (reflex irritability) A - activity R - respiratory effort ```
55
Most babies score a ___ because they lose a point dt _____.
9/10, peripheral cyanosis
56
APGAR appearance score
``` 0 = blue, pale 1 = pink, blue extremities 2 = all pink ```
57
APGAR Pulse score
``` 0= absent 1 = 100 ```
58
APGAR Reflex Irritability score
``` 0 = no response 1 = grimace 2 = crying vigorously, sneeze or cough ```
59
APGAR Activity score
``` 0 = flaccid 1 = some flexion of arms/legs 2 = active movement ```
60
APGAR Resp. Effort score
``` 0 = absent 1 = slow and irregular 2 = good/strong ```

PPD II Ex.2 (2 decks)

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