Peds - Exam One

Question 1

Fetus

Answer 1

9 weeks to birth

Question 2

Neonate

Answer 2

Birth to 4 weeks

Question 3

Infant

Answer 3

4 weeks to 1 year

Question 4

Toddler

Answer 4

1 to 3 years old

Question 5

Preschool

Answer 5

3 to 6 years old

Question 6

School-age

Answer 6

6 to 12 years old

Question 7

Adolescent

Answer 7

12 to 18 years old

Question 8

How many hours of sleep are required for each age group?

Answer 8

Neonates: 8-9 hrs with naps

2 yr old: 10 hrs with 1 nap

7 yr old: 11-13 hrs and rarely has daytime nap

Question 9

What is the best intervention for losing teeth?

Answer 9

If trauma is the cause, tooth should be immersed in milk and brought with child asap to dentist. Take care of deciduous teeth even though they are lost later. 1yr old and older should have toothbrushes. Supervision of brushing until 7 yrs old

Question 10

What should a child see the dentist for the first time?

Answer 10

Academy of Pediatric Dentistry recommends appt by 1 year old but majority happens around 2-3 years old

Question 11

What is a side effect of too much vitamin C?

Answer 11

Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, abdominal bloating and cramps, headache, insomnia, kidney stones.

Question 12

Is massage therapy good for all children?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

What is accupressure?

Answer 13

Uses finger pressure and massage on the meridian sites rather than needles

Question 14

Dysfunctional families deal with what type of problems?

Answer 14

doesn’t provide for optimum physical, psychological, and emotional health of the children. Doesn’t know how to be successful in its efforts and interactions and requires intervention.

Question 15

What is dyslexia?

Answer 15

“Difficult and Diction”- is a ready disability that involves a defect in the cortex of the brain that processes graphic symbols.

Question 16

What is a negative aspect of stimulants? (amphetamines, cocaine)

Answer 16

hyperactivity, insomnia,paranoia, personality change, irritability, restlessness, occasional depression or paranoia.

Question 17

Therapeutic play can allow children to what?

Answer 17

Express themselves by playing with other kids

Question 18

Hospitalization should still have a scheduled routine?

Answer 18

as much as possible but very hard since every family has their own schedule plus sounds and smells make it difficult

Question 19

What is anorexia nervosa?

Answer 19

form of self-starvation seen mostly in adolescent girls. Only 10 % are males.

Question 20

What is bulimia?

Answer 20

Binge eating d/o

Compulsive eating

Question 21

How does alcoholism effect family members?

Answer 21

Offer mixed messages about alcohol use to their chidlren

Effects all members of the family!

FLIGHT, FIGHT, PERFECT CHILD, SAVIOR (Coping skills of children of alcoholics)

Question 22

What is a learning disability?

Answer 22

Educational term- receptive language, expressive language, information processing, memory, motor coordination, orientation, behavioral problems

Question 23

What types of information is included in a developmental history?

Answer 23

Family Hx, structure(family), developmental tasks, family characteristics, family stressors, environment, family support systems

Question 24

Can a 2 year old be addicted to opiates?

Answer 24

Very rare in children since dose should be repeated before the pain recurs. If pain comes back without steady dose of meds, more med will be given to stop pain

Question 25

What is a transitional object?

Answer 25

Promotes security

Items like blankets or a favorite toy

Question 26

Emigrants from Russia see smiling as?

Answer 26

Happiness and is inappropriate in a serious or bad situation

Question 27

Should siblings be allowed to see their brother or sister in the hospital?

Answer 27

Yes - helps reduce the stress of the patient

Siblings experience loneliness, jealousy, guilt, fear, or anger

Question 28

Separation anxiety is very real at what age?

Answer 28

Begins around 4-8 months of age. Infants will protest when separated from parents

Question 29

What opportunities do computer games provide?

Answer 29

Can foster problem solving, cognitive development, and motor coordination should be balanced with active play activities

Question 30

What is ordinal position?

Answer 30

Whether the child is the toungest, middle, or oldest. “Rank in family”

Question 31

What types of play are there with children?

Answer 31

Explore/imitate-infants. Parallel play-1/2 yr old. Cooperative play/Creative play-3-5 yrs old. Symbolic group play/secret clubs- 5-7 yrs old. Competitive play- 7-10 yrs old. Groupd sports/computer/electronic play- 10-13 yrs old. Fantasy play/cliques- 13-18 yrs old.

Question 32

How long should a child be on formula or breast milk?

Answer 32

6 months to 1 year

Question 33

What assessment findings will you see in a well nourished child?

Answer 33

steady gains in height and weight, alert, shiny hair, no fatigue circles under eyes, normal skin color, flat abdomen, erect posture, well-developed muscles, firm and pink mouth and gum mucous membranes, no mouth or tongue lesions, teeth that erupt on schedule, good appetite and eliminate regularly, sleep well at night with energy and vitality without irritability.

Question 34

Permanent teeth erupt at what age?

Answer 34

6 yrs old (through the gums. Develop just before birth and during the first yr of life)

Question 35

How many teeth should a 1 year old have?

Answer 35

About 6 teeth (4 on top, 2 on bottom)

ATI says 6-8 teeth

Question 36

If a child weighed 7 lbs 8 oz at birth, how much should they weigh at 6 months?

Answer 36

5-10% of birth weight is lost by age 3/4 days. But regains by 10-12 days. Birth weight usually doubles by age 5-6 months and triples by age of 1 yr old.

Question 37

How do children develop?

Answer 37

Cephalocaudal-head to toe /Proximodistal-from midline to periphery