Peds - Exam 1 Flashcards by Liv Kenn | Brainscape

Q

Isotonic (Isonatremic) Dehydration

A

Electrolyte & H2O deficits proportional

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Q

Hypertonic (hypernatremic) dehydration

A

H2O loss > than Electrolyte loss

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Q

Hypotonic (hyponatremic) dehydration

A

Electrolyte loss > than H2O loss

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Q

Increased fluid requirements

A

Fever
V/D
DKA
Burns, Shock,
Tachypnea
Radiant warmer/phototherapy

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Q

Decreased fluid requirement

A

CHF
SIADH
Mechanical ventilation
Increased ICP

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Q

Mild Dehydration

A

3-5% wt loss infants, 3-4% in children

Pale skin
decreased turgor
dry mucous membranes; thick saliva
normal bp
normal or increased pulse
cap refill <2sec
Anterior fontanel = flat

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Q

Moderate Dehydration

A

6-9% wt loss infants, 6-8% children

Gray skin, eyes sunken
Dry mucous membranes, tears absent
Sunken fontanel
Weak, rapid pulse
Tenting
2-3sec cap refill
Listless, irritable

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Q

Severe Dehydration

A

> 10% wt loss for infant, 10% for children

Fontanel sunken
Limp, cold
Lethargy, coma
Acrocyanosis; mottling
Thready, rapid pulse
Grunting
Deep rapid RR
Cap refill >4sec
> 2sec retraction of skin

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Q

S/S of impending shock

A

changes in:
-HR, sensorium, & skin color

BP is not, it is a much later sign with children

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