Peds congenital ID

Question 1

Toxoplasma gondii

Answer 1

Cat feces or ingestion of undercooked meat
Maternal: Usually asymptomatic; lymphadenopathy (rarely)

Classic triad: chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, and intracranial calcifications, ± “blueberry muffin” rash

Question 2

Rubella

Answer 2

Respiratory droplets
Maternal: Rash, lymphadenopathy, arthritis

Classic triad: PDA (or pulmonary artery hypoplasia), cata- racts, and deafness, ± “blueberry muffin” rash

Question 3

CMV

Answer 3

Sexual contact, organ transplants
Maternal: Usually asymptomatic; mononucleosis-like illness

Hearing loss, seizures, petechial rash, “blueberry muffin” rash, periventricular calcifications

Question 4

HIV

Answer 4

Sexual contact, needlestick
Maternal: Variable presentation depending on CD4+ count

Recurrent infections, chronic diarrhea

Question 5

Herpes simplex virus-2

Answer 5

Transmission: Skin or mucous membrane contact
Maternal: Usually asymptomatic; herpetic (vesicular) lesions

Encephalitis, herpetic (vesicular) lesions

Question 6

Syphilis

Answer 6

Maternal: Chancre (1°) and disseminated rash (2°) are the two stages likely to result in fetal infection

Often results in stillbirth, hydrops fetalis; if child survives, presents with cutaneous lesions on the hands/foot, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, anemia, and rhinorrhea (“snuffles”)