Peds - Cancer Flashcards
Neoplastic disease is the ____ cause of death in the pediatric age group in the US. Solid tumors represent ____% of cases while acute leukemia represents the remaining _____%
2nd leading cause
70%
30%
Name the 5 most common cancers in kids < 15 yoa
- Leukemias (30%)
2 CNS tumors (19%) - Lymphomas (12%)
- Sympathetic nervous system tumors (8%)
- Renal tumor (7%)
followed by
- soft tissue sarcomas 6%
- bone tumors 5%
- retinoblastomas 3%
- germ cell tumors 3%
____% of pediatric brain tumors arise in posterior fossa
50%
Supratentorial tumorspresent with increased intracranial pressure along with _____ in 40% of case.
seizures
Hodgkins disease occurs two times more frequently in males than females and most often in ____ decade.
youngest reported case in kids is _____
third
3 yoa
_______ is the most common presentation of hodgkins disease in children
painless cervical adenopathy
_____ is a non-lymphoblastic lymphoma found principally in Africa. A viral cause has been proposed wiht the ebstein-barr virus suggested.
Burkitt’s Lymphoma
Burkitt’s Lymphoma (african lymphoma) is characterized by (3)
- predilection for facial bones and mandible
- primary involvement of abdominal nodes and viscera
- massive proliferation of primitive lymphoid cells
_____ tumors arise from cells in the sympathetic ganglia and adrenal medulla
neuroblastoma
____ is the third most common pediatric neoplasm in kids < 5 yoa with the highest incidence at 2 yoa
neuroblastoma
presentation of neuroblastoma is in the _____ area
abdominal area - associated with distant mets and poor prognosis
In early childhood, the most common abdominal masses are ___-, ____, and ____
hydronephrosis, neuroblastoma, wilms tumor
Wilms tumor develops within the _____ and enlarges with distortion and invasion of adjacent renal tissue
renal parenchyma
Wilms tumor occurs most often in kids ____ age
it occurs bilaterally in ____% and may be associated with congenital abnormalities
2-5 yoa
5%
_____ is the most common malignant soft tissue tumor in children
rhabdomyosarcoma