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AAFP Board Review 2020 > Peds > Flashcards

Peds Flashcards

1
Q

Car Seat

Infant/Toddler

A

Rear Facing

Rear Seat

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2
Q

Car Seat

Preschool

A

Rear Seat
Forward facing
Harness

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3
Q

Car Seat

School Age

A

Rear Seat
Booster seat
until 4’9” (145cm) and >8yo

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4
Q

Car Seat

Front Seat

A

13 yo

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5
Q

Development

1 month

A

Looks at face
Responds to voice
Moves extremities equally
Lifts head

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6
Q

Development

2 months

A

Vocalizes
Smiles
Follows TO midline
Responds to sounds

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7
Q

Development

4 months

A

Holds head at 90 degress
Laughs
Follows PAST midline
NO persistent fist clenching

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8
Q

Development

6 months

A 
No head lag
Bears weight on legs
Rolls over
Turns towards voice
Transfers hand to hand
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9
Q

Development

9 months

A 
Sits w/o support
Stands holding on
Cruises
Imitates speech/single syllables
Thumb finger grasp
Dada, Mama
Peek-a-boo
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10
Q

Develpment

1 year

A 
Stands alone
Walks w/ help
Babbles
Specific dada, mama
Responds to no
Pincer grasp
Waves bye-bye
Bangs 2 blocks together
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11
Q

Development

18 months

A 
Walks backwards
Knows 1 body part
Drinks from cup
Imitates household chores
Speaks 3-6 words
Scribbles
Stacks 2 blocks
Understands simple commands
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12
Q

Development

2 years

A 
Kicks ball
Takes off clothes
2 words together
Speaks 50 words
Understands 2 part command
Uses own name
Stacks 4 blocks
Knows 6 body parts
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13
Q

Development

3 years

A 
Washes hands
Draws vertical line
Names 4 pictures
Throws ball
Tricycle
"why?"
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14
Q

Development

4 years

A 
Dresses self
Play games
Understandable speech
4 colours
First and last name
Stairs with alternating feet
Balance on each foot
Draws circle
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15
Q

Autism screening

A

18 and 24mo visits
+family hx
MCHAT
Interventions = improve outcomes

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16
Q

Fluoride

A

6 mo supplement if deficient water supply

Apply at tooth eruption to 5yo

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17
Q

Refer to peds ophtlamology if:

A

<20/50 age 3 or <20/30 age 5
Asymmetry
Stabismus >3-6 months
Abnormal red reflex

Amblyopia 2/2 strabismus leading cause of monocular vision loss in children

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18
Q

Childhood Obesity

A

Screen >6 yo
Overwheight BMI 85th-94th percentile
Obese BMI > 95th percentile
Class II obesity BMI > 35 or >120% 95th percentile
Class III BMI > 40 or >140% 95th percentile

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19
Q

Lead screening

A

Ages 1-5yo

20
Q

Iron screening/supplementation

A

6-12 months

21
Q

Peds Microcytic Anemia

A

Likely Iron def

Treat presumptively and confirm with +1 Hg after 1month of therapy

22
Q

Parental Guidance

2-4 weeks

A

Sleep position, feeding, crying, growth

Safety: car seat, smoke exposure, shaking

23
Q

Parental Guidance

2 months

A

sleep position, feeding, growth

Burns, sun expo, car seats, smoking, shake

24
Q

Parental Guidance

4 months

A

Introducing solid food, sleep, talking to baby

Falls, car seat

25
Q

Parental Guidance

6 months

A

Introduce solid foods

Child proofing, posions, car seats

26
Q

Parental Guidance

9 months

A

Introduce table food, cup use, teeth care

Drowning, burns, car seat

27
Q

Parental Guidance

12 months

A

Weaning, brushing teeth

Child proofing, choking, car seat, drowning

28
Q

Parental Guidance

15mo

A

feeding self, nutrition

29
Q

Parental Guidance

18 months

A

TV, toilet training, language

Traffic, guns, drowning, poison

30
Q

Parental Guidance

2 years

A

toilet training, TV

31
Q

Parental Guidance

3 years

A

hand washing, TV, stranger danger, dentist

Helmets

32
Q

Discipline

A

Positive reinforcement
Ignore bad behavior
Time out
Written contracts

NO: spanking

33
Q

Screen time

A

none <18mo
18-24mo High quality
2-5 years <1hr, high wuality
>6 yo consistent limits

34
Q

Toilet training

A

when able to pull clothes up/down
can follow 2 step commands
~2-3yo when express interest

35
Q

Enuresis

A

> 5yo
M>F
usually self resolves
Tx: alarms, desmopressin (short term)

36
Q

Encopresis

A

M>F
MC of constipation
Reward system

37
Q

Peds Constipation

A

Functional
Miralax -0.3 to 1.5g/kg/day
No effect from fiber supplementation

38
Q

Adolescent Screening

A 
BiHEADS
Body image
Home/health
Education/Employment
Activities
Drugs/Depression
Safety/Sexuality
39
Q

Adolescent Vaccinations

A

11-12 yo: HPV, Tdap, Meningococcal (MCV4) #1

16-18 yo : MCV4 #2, meningitis type B, Influenza (even with egg allergy)

40
Q

BP Ages 1-13yo

A

Normal < 90th percentile
Elevated BP > 90th to 95th percentile, or > 120/80
Stage 1 HTN >90th to 95th percentile +12 mm or 130/80 to 139/89
Stage 2 HTN > 95th percentile +12mm hg or > 140/90

41
Q

BP >13 yo

A

Normal < 120/<80
Elevated BP 120/<80 to 129/<80
Stage 1 HTN 130/80 - 139/89
Stage 2 HTN > 140/90

42
Q

Peds HTN general

A

MCC Primary HTN
Confirm 3times
Tests all: b/l UE and LE, UA and BMP, Lipids, UDS, Ambulatory BP

43
Q

Peds HTN

Obese

A

Test TSH, A1C, LFTs, ?sleep study

44
Q

HTN <6yo

A

Renal u/s (1st choice imaging)
Reasons: renal parenchymal disease, glomerulonephritis, congenital, reflux nephropathy
If tx: do ECHO

45
Q

Peds HTN Tx

A

Stage 1 lifestyle changes, 2-3wk f/u
Stage 1 + end organ damage or persistence or Stage 2:
Thiazide/ACE-I/ARB/CCB - give adolescent contraception

46
Q

No parental consent needed for:

A

Contraception, STI, rape, pregnancy
Drug/etoh, mental health
Emergency

47
Q

Unintentional death adolescents

A 
73% all death MVA
Homicide 13%
Suicide 11%
Cancer 6%
Heart dz 3%

AAFP Board Review 2020 (2 decks)

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