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Peds exam 3 > Peds > Flashcards

Peds Flashcards

1
Q

Prevention of STIs

A

Condom only method to prevent & abstinence

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2
Q

HPV cause

A

Genital warts

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3
Q

What can HPV lead to

A

Cervical cancer, cervical hyperplasia

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4
Q

HPV symptoms

A

Might be cervicitis

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5
Q

HPV treatment

A

Cryotherapy: biopsy area first of squamous cells and if cancerous burn it off
Ablation
Vaccine

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6
Q

Chlamydia cause

A

Bacterium chlamydia trachomatis

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7
Q

Chlamydia symptoms

A

Asymptotic

Sometimes in men meatal erythema, tenderness, itching, dysuria, urethral drainage

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8
Q

Chlamydia treatment

A

Antibiotics

Azithromycin, doxycycline

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9
Q

Chlamydia sequelae if untreated

A

Urethritis in men
Cervicitis in women
Scarring of Fallopian tubes/ovaries increases risk of future ectopic pregnancy and tubal infertility

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10
Q

Gonorrhea cause

A

Neisseria gonorrhea

Bacteria gram neg

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11
Q

Gonorrhea symptoms

A

Urethritis in men, cervicitis In women.

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12
Q

Gonorrhea sequelea if untreated

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, chronic pelvic

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13
Q

BMI purpose

A

Strictest association with obesity and subQ fat

Best way to get consistent measure to view over time to see if BMI is increasing (consistent measure over time)

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14
Q

Methods of suicide

A

Most common method of suicide that’s successful is firearms

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15
Q

LGBT challenges coming out

A

Peer isolation, acceptance from parents!

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16
Q

Things to say to LGBT

A 
Who can you talk to
How does it make you feel
Have you talked to your parents 
Do you know someone that has the same feelings as you that you can talk to
Biggest risk: suicide
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17
Q

If someone wants to vomit suicide

A

Do you have a plan

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18
Q

UTI risk

A

Female (short urethra)
Urinary stasis! - holding in pee
Uncircumcised male

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19
Q

UTI causes

A

Escherichia coli most common pathogen; streptococci, staphylococcus, saprophyticus, occasionally fungal and parasitic pathogens

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20
Q

UTI symptoms

A

Chills, nocturia, anotexia, frequency, urgency, suprapubic or lower back pain, bladder spasms, dysuria, burning in urination, sometimes with kids just fever or onset of enuresis or tummy ache

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21
Q

Normal ph urine

A

5-9

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22
Q

Normal specific gravity urine

A

1.001-1.035

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23
Q

Normal protein urine

A

<20mg/dl

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24
Q

Substance abuse causes

A

Maladaptive coping, stress, fit in, dad, anxiety, fear, depressed,

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25
Substance abuse risk factors
Hx of maltreatment, genetic inheritance, family hx of drug abuse,
26
Most abused substances
Alcohol, narcotics, CNS stimulants
27
Pyelonephritis
Kidney infection
28
Pyelonephroitis causes
Caused by bacteria, fungi, Protozoa, or viruses infecting kidneys
29
Risk for pyelonephritis
Dehydration! | VUR causes construction and backflow to renal area
30
Pyelonephritis hospitalization
Monitor for edema, fluid balance, check BP frequently monitor output
31
Most common cause of acute renal failure in children
Dehydration | Kidneys in children are more mobile and outer borders are less protected
32
Glomeluralnephritis
Inflammation of glomelural | Present worth puffy faces and eyes- monitor edema (Daily weights) check BP to make sure kidneys don't get over reactive
33
Assess resp status in child
Visually assess retractions (superclavicular, supersternal, intercostal) the higher they are the worse it is, RR, accessory muscle use, nasal flaring, rate and rhythm
34
Ear infections symptoms
Irritability, pain, tugging ear, yellow-whitish drainage, poor appetite, vomiting, trouble sleeping,fever
35
Risk for OM/ear infection
Prop bottle (milk goes to ear- canal is horizontal milk doesn't drain), bottle fed, smoking in home, crowded living
36
Ear infection treatment
>6 mo: watchful waiting up to 72 hr for spontaneous resolution if not better antibiotics < 6 mo: always antibiotics instruct parents to take full corse of meds, topical heat or cold or benzocaine drops
37
Step risk if untreated
Acute rheumatic fever- bacteria causes damage to heart valves Maybe acutely glomerulonephritis
38
Tonsillectomy post op care
Promote comfort, minimize activities that promote bleeding- coughing, clearing threat, blowing nose, drinking through straw, red liquids Rare but post op hemorrhage may occur, re-cauterize site if bleeding occurs
39
Tonsillectomy sings of compilations
Continuous swallowing= bleeding
40
Tonsillectomy pain control
Ice collar
41
Infectious mono symptoms
Swollen glands, sore throat, fever, Fatigue!, headache, swollen spleen, antbx for strep and not better
42
Mono
Confused with step a lot and may get rash | Reaction with PNC need amoxicillin
43
Croup
Barking seal like cough, inspiratory strider, Organisms responsible: RSV, parainfluenza virus, myocoplasma pneumonia, influenza A &B Generally affects child <5yr
44
Mild croup treatment
If mild can be managed at home; adequate hydration, comfort measures, 2nd or 3rd night bad, URI management, cool mist, Tylenol or ibuprofen for comfort No antbx, viral
45
Bronchiolitis cause
RSV
46
Pneumonia nursing care
Manage fever, comfort measures, fluids, antbx if appropriate
47
Foreign bodies symptoms
Choking, coughing, gagging, dyspnea, stridor, | Nasal: unilateral discharge foul smelling, frequent sneezing,
48
Foreign body risks
Airway obstruction, perforation, acid burns, esophageal erosion
49
Foreign body treatment
Abdominal thrust, teaching for child safety
50
Asthma symptoms
SOB, coughing, exploratory wheezing, irritability, gets tired easily, chest tightness, cough a lot at night
51
Asthma patho
Bronchial hyperrponsiveness = heightened airway reactivity which triggers inflammation of bronchioles and alveoli Limited airflow or obstruction
52
Asthma treatment
Long control meds: inhaled corticosteroids (Flovent), long acting beta2 agonist (symbicort, advair) and Leukotriene modifiers (singulair) Emergency/quick relief: short acting beta 2 agonist (albuterol, xopenex) systemic corticosteroids
53
Cystic fibrosis symptoms
Earliest clinical manifestation is Meconium ileus, abdominal distention, vomiting, failure to pass stools, rapid development of dehydration, foul smelling stools, poor weight gain: growth, intestinal blockage, greasy stools, repeated lung infections, stuffy nose Increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions
54
CF patho
Cells that produce mucous, sweat, and digestive juices normally are thin and slippery; with CF brome thick and sticky. Instead of lubricant, fluids plug up airways lead to blockage and recital prolapse. Mechanical obstruction of airways. Mucous glands produce thick mucoprotein that accumulates and results in dilation
55
Chronic constipation initial treatment
Clean them out- enema | Manage stress, may use miralax to relieve body of stool and keep them going, increase water and fiber
56
Hirschprung's disease
Mechanical obstruction from inadequate motility of intestine Absence of ganglion cells Failure of internal sphincter to relax Stool accumulated in sigmoid colon
57
Gastroesophogael reflux nursing recommendations
Avoid offending foods- spicy, high fat foods; weight loss may help (volume can trigger GER), thicknening feedings, upright position, sleep supine,
58
Irritable bowel syndrome nurse considerations
Cause if recurrent abdominal pain in children. Alternating diarrhea and constipation, gas, bloating, abdominal distention. Many appear to active, healthy, and normal growth. Symptoms must be present at least 3 mo. Manage stress and recognize triggers
59
Acute appendicitis presentation
Curled up, guarding, first symptom periumbilical pain followed by nausea, RLQ pain, vomiting, fever, rebound tenderness McBurney's point; located 2/3 along line of umbilicus and internal iliac spine most common point of tenderness Perforation can occur within 48hr of initial complain of pain
60
Crohn's disease
Entire GI tract | Severe diarrhea, extreme abdominal pain, anorexia, growth retardation, rashes, joint pain
61
Ulcerative colitis
Limited to colon and rectum | Bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, rashes, joint pain
62
Intussusception
Telescoping or invagination of one portion of intestine into another. Intestine goes in one itself Presentation- currant jelly stools caused from leaking blood and mucous into intestinal lumen Abdominal pain, abdominal mass, blood stool

Peds exam 3 (2 decks)

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