PEDS

Question 1

Hydrocele should be corrected by what age?

Answer 1

12 months

A simple scrotal hydrocele without communication to the peritoneal cavity and no hernia should be excised by age 12 months if not already resolved.

Question 2

3 year-old with URI per Cx. Who get a workup?

Answer 2

VCUG (to evaluate for vesiculoureteral reflux) + **renal US **for:

Children < 5 yo

Any child with a UTI and fever

School-aged girls with 2+ UTIs

**Any boy with a UTI **

Question 3

Most common cause of asymptomatic protenuria in a child?

Answer 3

Orthostatic proteinuria

(Seen in up to 60% of cases, higher in adolescents)

Question 4

What is the recommended compression-to-breath ratio for basic life support with a single rescuer for a 2-year-old child?

Answer 4

30 compressions to 2 ventilations.

For a single rescuer performing CPR on a 2-year-old, the ratio is 30 compressions to 2 ventilations. The
compression rate should be approximately 100 beats/min, and the chest should be compressed one-third
to one-half its depth with each compression. Compressions can be accomplished with one hand, the heel
of one or both hands, or the heel of one hand with the second hand on top.

Question 5

Most common cause of PNA in a 2 year-old?

Answer 5

RSV (age 4 months to 4 years)

The most common cause of pneumonia in children age 4 months to 4 years is respiratory syncytial virus. Other viruses may cause pneumonia as well. The peak incidence of respiratory syncytial virus is between 2 and 7 months of age. Wheezing and profuse rhinorrhea are characteristic and the disease typically occurs in mid-winter or early spring epidemics. Parainfluenza 3 typically affects older infants and is not common in winter. Mycoplasma tends to affect older children and children with bacterial illnesses; those infected with this organism generally appear more acutely ill.