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xD2 Pedo > Pedo Fluoride and Sealants > Flashcards

Pedo Fluoride and Sealants Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common chronic disease of childhood?

A

Caries

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2
Q

What percentage of children are affected by caries?

A

58%

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3
Q

What ist he most prevalent unmet dental need in US Children?

A

Dental care

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4
Q

What is the disparity among children for caries?

A

25% suffer 80% of all tooth decay

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5
Q

Dental disease disproportionately affects children younger than what age and from what backgrounds?

A

Younger than 6, lower socioeconomics

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6
Q

What is the new model for primary prevention?

A

Examine early, access risk, give age appropriate instruction

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7
Q

What are 3 things fluoride does ?

A
  1. Inhibits demineralization
  2. Promotes remineralization
  3. Form fluorohydroxyapatite
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8
Q

What are 4 methods of administration for fluoride therapy?

A
  1. Systemic fluoride
  2. Professionally applied
  3. Home and school rinses
  4. Dentrifices
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9
Q

When should one start giving a child fluoride?

A

At first tooth eruption

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10
Q

If the patient’s water source has less than 0.3 ppm fluoride in water, how many milligrams does the patient need at 0-6mo, 6mo-3yrs, 3yrs-6yrs, 6yrs-16 yrs?

A

0months to 6 months = 0mg
6months to 3 years = 0.25mg
3 years to 6 years = 0.5mg
6 years to 16 years = 1.00mg

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11
Q

If the patient’s water source has between 0.3-0.6ppm fluoridel in water, how many milligrams does the patient need: 0-6mo, 6mo-3yrs, 3yrs-6yrs, 6yrs-16 yrs?

A

0months to 6 months = 0mg
6months to 3 years = 0mg
3 years to 6 years = 0.25mg
6 years to 16 years = 0.50mg

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12
Q

If the patient’s water source has more than 0.6ppm Fl in water, are any more milligrams needed for any age group?

A

No

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13
Q

Professional Fl application based on what?

A

Caries risk assessment

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14
Q

Do you have to do prophylaxis prior to fluoride application?

A

No

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15
Q

What must be done if rubber cup prophylaxis is performed?

A

Fluoride application

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16
Q

Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride thixotropic gel should be in tray for how long and in what age child?

A

4 min, +4-5 yrs

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17
Q

Over-the-counter fluoride rinse has what percentage of fluoride ions?

A

0.05%NaF = 0.022%F ion

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18
Q

MI paste contains what?

A

Casein (milk protein)

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19
Q

Stannous fluoride can do what to teeth?

A

Stain

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20
Q

What is the recommended toothpaste for children less than 2 years of age?

A

Smear

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21
Q

What is the recommended amount of toothpaste for children 2-5 yrs?

A

Pea size

22
Q

Why supervise children brushing when younger?

A

To prevent excess ingestion of fluoride

23
Q

What is the most important characteristic of fluoride varnish?

A

Gradual fluoride release

24
Q

Is contamination of fluoride varnish a problem?

A

No

25
Q

Can you eat and drink after fluoride varnish application?

A

You can eat and drink soft foods immediately

26
Q

What is the most important clinical feature of fluoride varnish?

A

Ingestion is minimal and exposure occurs over many hours

27
Q

How is fluoride varnish applied?

A

Apply a thin layer to dry teeth

28
Q

What are 3 instructions for fluoride varnish?

A
  1. Eat soft non-abrasive diet for rest of day
  2. Do not floss or brush until following morning
  3. Resume regular diet and routing oral hygiene next day
29
Q

How often apply fluoride varnish?

A

Every 6 months or more often for high risk

30
Q

The success of fluoride varnish is directly related to what?

A

Continuity of placement

31
Q

Fluoride is classified as what by FDA?

A

A medical device

32
Q

What presents minimal risk and is subject to the lowest level of regulation?

A

A medical device

33
Q

Fluoride varnish is approved as what?

A

Cavity liner and desensitizing agent

34
Q

Once something is approved as a device that means it can be used how?

A

Off label

35
Q

What is a lethal dose of fluoride?

A

15-64 mg/Kg

36
Q

What is a probable toxic dose of fluoride?

A

5-8 mg/Kg

37
Q

How do you treat a fluoride overdose?

A

Drink milk (bind the Fl) and refer to emergency dept

38
Q

What is a clear or opaque filling material applied to pits and fissures of teeth?

A

Sealants

39
Q

What is the most at-risk tooth surface?

A

Pits and fissures

40
Q

What is the material in dental sealants?

A

BIS-GMA, bisphenol A, and glycidyl methacrylate

41
Q

What percent of caries are found on the occlusal surface? What percent of the tooth is the occlusal surface?

A

Occlusal surface is 50% of caries and only 12.5% of tooth surface

42
Q

What teeth are most susceptible to occlusal decay?

A

Permanent molars

43
Q

When is the highest rate of sealant loss?

A

1st year following placement

44
Q

Where are sealants lost quicker, mandible or maxilla?

A

Mandible

45
Q

What are some factors affecting sealant retention?

A
  1. Position of teeth in mouth
  2. Skill of operator
  3. Age of patientt
  4. Eruption level or soft tissue proximity to pits and fissures
46
Q

What is critical to sealant retention?

A

Isolation

47
Q

The acid etch for the sealant consists of what percentage of phosphoric acid and for how long is it applied?

A

30-50% Phosphoric acid for 60 sec

48
Q

What is the cure time for sealants?

A

20 seconds

49
Q

Can you touch up sealants at recalls?

A

Yes

50
Q

What is the critical pH for dissolution of enamel?

A

5.5

51
Q

Remineralization of incipient subsurface lesion my occur as long as what?

A

The surface layer enamel remains

52
Q

What demographic is usually susceptible to rampant caries?

A

Young teenagers

xD2 Pedo (5 decks)

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