Pediatrie hemato si onco Flashcards

1
Q

Cum apare boala hemolitica a nou nascutului?

A

Rh + a fatului intra in circulatia mamei Rh-

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2
Q

hemoliza severa a eritrocitelor fetale

A

Hidrops fetal

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2
Q

Factori de risc boala hemolitica a nou nascutului

A

Mama Rh - cu ocrice istoric de hemoragie materno fetala:
avort
amniocenteza
sangerare trimestru 3

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3
Q

Tratamentboala hemolitica a nou născutului

A

Administrare imunoglobulina Rho (D) = RoGAM
in primele 72 mamei la nasterea primului fat Rh +
Transfuzie fetala intrauterina daca patologia se dezvolta acolo

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4
Q

Anemia Fanconi

A

autosomal recesiva asociata cu insuf medulara, pancitopenie si risc crescut de leucemie

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5
Q

Simptome Anemia Fanconi

A

Oboseala
Dispnee la efort
Infectii frecvente
Frecvent asociate cu statura mica
Pigmentari tegumente anormale ( pete cafe au lait sau zone hipopigmentate
Rinichi in potcoava
Anomalii ale degetelor

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6
Q

Laborator Anemia Fanconi

A

Hb,Ht, trombocite si leucocite scazute
alfa- fetoproteina serica crescuta
Biopsia medulara- hipocelularitate
Analiza cromozomica - rupturi ale benzilor

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7
Q

Tratament anemia Fanconi

A

Antibiotice
Transfuzii
Transplant medular sau de celule stem hematopoietice
Factori de crestere hematopoietici
Androgenii si cortico pot creste activitatea medulara

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8
Q

Anemia Diamon BLackfan

A

Anemie congenitala pura

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9
Q

De ce este cel mai probabil cauzata Anemia Diamon BLackfan?

A

Defect in celulele eritroide progenitoare

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10
Q

Semne/ simptome precoce Anemia Diamon BLackfan

A

Oboseala
Dispnee
Cianoza
Paloare

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11
Q

Semne/ simptome Anemia Diamon BLackfan

A

Anomalii craniofaciale
Anomalii ale degetelor
Sufluri cardiace
Dizabilitate intelectuala
Hipogonadism

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11
Q

Laborator Anemia Diamon BLackfan

A

Hb scazuta
Ht scazut
Reticulocite scazute
Vem crescut
Biopsia medulara ( activitate scazuta)
Prezenta excesiva a eritropoietinei

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11
Q

Tratament Anemia Diamon BLackfan

A

Transfuzii
Cortico
Transplant medular

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12
Q

Neuroblastomul

A

Origine- celule ale crestei neurale
Pot aparea in gandele suprarenale sau gg simpatici

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13
Q

Cand prognosticul Neuroblastomul este bun?

A

Cand este diagnosticat inaintea varstei de 1 an

14
Q

Factorii de risc Neuroblastomul

A

Neurofibromatoza
Scleroza Tuberoasa
Feocromocitomul
Sdr Beckkwith Wiedemann
Sdr Turner
Consum scazut matern de folat

15
Q

Semne/Simptome Neuroblastomul

A

Distensie si Durere abd
Scadere ponderala
Stare generala alterata
Durere ososasa
Diaree
Masa abd
HTA
Posibil Sdr Horner
Proptoza ( exoftalmie)
Tulb de miscare
Hepatomegalia
Febra
Echimoza periorbitala

16
Q

Laborator Neuroblastomul

A

Urina pe 24h = acidul vanilmandelic si homovanilic crescute

17
Q

Imagistică Neuroblastom

A

CT localizare tumora adrenala sau ganglionara

18
Q

Tratament Neuroblastom

A

Rezectie Chirurgicala
Radioterapie
Chimioterapie

19
Q

Complicatii Neuroblastom

A

Prognostic prost dupa 1 an
Metastaze osoase si creier

20
Q

Rabdomiosarcomul

A

Tumora muschi striati la copii
Cel mai frecvent sarcom de tesuturi moi

21
Q

Semne / simptome Rabdomiosarcomul

A

Masa dureroasa a tesuturilor moi cu edem
Tumori mari = efect de masa asupra structurilor adiacente

22
Q

Ce stabileste dg de Rabdomiosarcom?

A

Biopsia

23
Q

Imagistica Rabdomiosarcom

A

CT si RMN arata extinderea tumorii

24
Q

Tratament Rabdomiosarcom

A

Rezectie Chirurgicala
Radioterapie
Chimioterapie