Pediatrics Quiz 2

Question 1

One to Two Year Milestones

Growth

Answer 1

physical decline

intellectual /emotional increase

Question 2

One to Two Year Milestones

Personal Social

Answer 2

Imitation

Question 3

One to Two Year Milestones

Language

Answer 3

2-3 word phrases

Question 4

One to Two Year Milestones

Fine Motor

Answer 4

scribbles

Question 5

One to Two Year Milestones

Gross Motor

Answer 5

walks well

Question 6

One to Two Year Heart Rate

Answer 6

100 - 120

Question 7

One to Two Year Respiratory Rate

Answer 7

20s - 30s

Question 8

When does the anterior fontanel close?

Answer 8

9-18 months

Question 9

ends of long bones

Answer 9

physis

Question 10

Physis under compressive forces are

Answer 10

radiolucent

Question 11

Children’s bones a relatively

Answer 11

weak

Question 12

Children’s sprains are…

Answer 12

rare

growth plates are not closed

Question 13

center of ossification at bony prominence; traction

Answer 13

apophysis

Question 14

Children’s periosteums are…

Answer 14

thicker

stronger-quick callus

Question 15

Children’s bones are _________ dense and _________ porous.

Answer 15

Less; More

Question 16

How do you know when a females bones have “closed”?

Answer 16

All close within one year of menarche.

Question 17

Kids’ bones____with compressive and tension force

Answer 17

fail

Question 18

What is common near a fracture site?

Answer 18

Remodeling

Increases near physis

Question 19

Fractures Unique to Kids

Answer 19

Buckle (torus)
Bow, bend or plastic deformation
Greenstick
Complete (also seen in adults)

Question 20

Where to buckle fractures occur?

Answer 20

in porous metaphysis

Question 21

How do buckle fractures occur?

Answer 21

compression forces to the longitudinal plane

Question 22

What do buckle fractures lack?

Answer 22

echymosis

swelling

Question 23

Are buckle fractures stable?

Answer 23

Yes!

Don’t displace

Question 24

Where are buckle fractures often best seen on x-ray?

Answer 24

longitudinal view

Question 25

Where are bow fractures usually seen?

Answer 25

ulna fibula radius

Question 26

How do bow fractures occur?

Answer 26

Elastic deformation with stress | if forces subside then no true fracture

Question 27

Is there hemorrhaging in bow fractures?

Answer 27

No Limited swelling

Question 28

What occurs in the cortex in buckle fractures?

Answer 28

Cortex buckling or acute sharp angulation of cortex | Normally long bone ends flare out smoothly

Question 29

What side of the body do people usually fracture?

Answer 29

The non-dominant side

Question 30

What can be used to confirms bow fractures?

Answer 30

Comparison Views

Question 31

Angulation past bending limits yields

Answer 31

greenstick fracture

Question 32

How do greenstick fractures occur?

Answer 32

fracture on tension side as compression side bends

Question 33

What may be necessary to treat greenstick fractures?

Answer 33

completion of fracture

Question 34

Complete fractures rarely have

Answer 34

comminution

Question 35

Why should you be aware of unexplained spiral fractures?

Answer 35

child abuse

Question 36

When should you consider a growth plate fracture?

Answer 36

consider in any joint pain with swelling

Question 37

T or F : Not all types of Salter-Harris fractures can be displaced.

Answer 37

False! | All types can be displaced!

Question 38

What type of Salter-Harris fractures involve the physis?

Answer 38

Type I

Question 39

What Salter-Harris fracture is most common?

Answer 39

Type II

Question 40

Where do Type II Salter-Harris fractures occur?

Answer 40

into metaphysis

Question 41

What type of Salter-Harris fractures go into the epiphysis?

Answer 41

Type III

Question 42

Where to Type IV Salter Harris fractures occur?

Answer 42

thru metaphysis/epiphysis

Question 43

What happens in Type V Salter-Harris fracturs?

Answer 43

Crush Plate | in theory only

Question 44

How do clavicle fractures occur?

Answer 44

toddler lands on shoulder

Question 45

Where do greenstrick clavicle fractures occur?

Answer 45

occur mid-third area of the clavicle

Question 46

Treatment of clavicle fracturs

Answer 46

Comfort Measures Sling - Ice - Meds No Figure 8 splint!

Question 47

What are uncommon with clavicle fractures?

Answer 47

Humeral head fractures

Question 48

Nursemaid's elbow is more common in...

Answer 48

girls

Question 49

Age nursemaid's elbow commonly occur:

Answer 49

4 months - 7 years

Question 50

Nursemaid's elbow peaks at

Answer 50

15 - 30 months

Question 51

Which arm is more likely to get nursemaid's elbow?

Answer 51

Left

Question 52

What occurs in nursemaid's elbow?

Answer 52

Annular ligament is torn/dislocated

Question 53

Presentation of nursemaid's elbow

Answer 53

No swelling or echchymosis Kids hold wrist Cry elevates with supination

Question 54

What x-ray do you perform for nursemaid's elbow?

Answer 54

None if H&P are consistent

Question 55

How do you treat the nursemaid's elbow?

Answer 55

Shaking hand technique Fully supinate then flex forearm Opposite thumb-radial head Will hear a snap and feel it pop back into place Thumb up (hyperpronation to pronation)

Question 56

What should you warn the patient after reducing nursemaids elbows?

Answer 56

In the future walk holding the child's forearm

Question 57

Mechanism of elbow fractures

Answer 57

Fall on a hyper-extended elbow

Question 58

Where is the pain in an elbow fracture?

Answer 58

Pain at the distal humerus with swelling.

Question 59

What do fat pads indicate?

Answer 59

effusion of blood or pus in the joint

Question 60

What should be noted in elbow fractures?

Answer 60

fat pads | angle of radial head

Question 61

What should you be aware of with supracondylar fractures?

Answer 61

compartment syndromes