Pediatrics Final

Question 1

framework of pediatric care

Answer 1

oriented towards developmental stage rather than age

Question 2

preterm infant age

Answer 2

born prior to 36 weeks of gestation

Question 3

neonate

Answer 3

first 28-30 days of life

Question 4

toddler

Answer 4

1 year throughout second year of life

Question 5

preschooler

Answer 5

3rd birthday-5th year of life

Question 6

school-age

Answer 6

6th birthday thru 12th year of life

Question 7

adolescence

Answer 7

13th birthday up to 18th birthday

Question 8

types of family

Answer 8

traditional, single parent, blended, adoptive, multi generational, same-sex, communal

Question 9

family focus in peds

Answer 9

establish who the main decision-maker is. identify family strengths and weaknesses

Question 10

principles of peds care

Answer 10

growth and development, health promotion, family focus, child advocacy, communication, concepts applied across age groups

Question 11

family centered care

Answer 11

recognizing all family members are affected

• respect/honor difference
• partnership approach
• issues prioritized based on families identifies issues
• staff support with information sharing and collaboration

Question 12

morbidity

Answer 12

acute or chronic illness

• respiratory
• obesity
• activity intolerance
• depression/emotional/behavioral issues
• dental decay

Question 13

Infant Mortality

Answer 13

leading causes

1. congenital and chromosomal abnormalities
2. disorders related to premature and low birth weight
3. newborns affected by maternal complications of pregnancy

Question 14

1-4 yrs of age mortality risks

Answer 14

1. accidents
2. congenital and chromosomal abnormalities
3. assault (homicide)

Question 15

5-14 yrs of age mortality risks

Answer 15

1. accidents
2. cancer
3. intentional self harm (suicide)

Question 16

15-19 yrs of age mortality risks

Answer 16

1. accidents
2. suicide
3. homicide

Question 17

perfect of 12-17 yr olds who are healthy

Answer 17

82.7%

Question 18

percent of 12-19 year olds who are obese

Answer 18

20.6%

Question 19

ethical questions

Answer 19

what is the best course of action in this situation?

based on analysis of what is normally right or reasonable

Question 20

ethical dilemas

Answer 20

no solution can meet all needs (you cant make everyone happy)

Question 21

beneficence

Answer 21

do or promote the good of others

Question 22

nonmaleficence

Answer 22

avoid risk or cause of harm to others

Question 23

autonomy

Answer 23

right to self-determinations (respect, privacy, info for decisions)

Question 24

justice

Answer 24

people treated equally and fairly

Question 25

ethical concerns in peds

Answer 25

cessation of treatment

termination of life support

Question 26

state nurse practice acts

Answer 26

determines scope of practice

Question 27

professional organization standards of care

Answer 27

describes level of care expected, not legally binding but used by regulatory bodies

Question 28

accountability in peds

Answer 28

know current laws– accountability to patients and families
act in childs best interest
suspected child abuse
DOCUMENT EVERYTHING

Question 29

informed consent full disclosure

Answer 29

MD/other provider must inform patient/family

• benefits of treatment, risks, alternatives
• written consent needed
• provide most information possible
• varies from state to state

Question 30

general consent

Answer 30

history, standard examinations and basic procedures are covered.
DOES NOT COVER more detailed/risk/invasive procedures

Question 31

consent in <18yrs

Answer 31

state laws vary
medical decisions can be made independent in
-certain health conditions
-best interest of child is not addressed by parents
-emancipated by law

Question 32

emancipated minors

Answer 32

married
enlisted in US armed services 
pregnancy 
parents themselves 
self-supporting
declared emancipated by court 
not living at home (college)

Question 33

ALL states allow no parent consent for..

Answer 33

STD treatment/testing age 12+

HIV testing

Question 34

when can a physician override parents decision

Answer 34

parental intoxication
religious/moral reasons in the case of a life threatening issue
court/child protective services may intervene

Question 35

Leaving AMA

Answer 35

• assess parent understanding
• reason for leaving/negotiate solutions
• document explanation of risks, alternatives, and decision
• document treatment given, refusal to sign form, list of follow up resources, statement that care is offered at any time

Question 36

elopement

Answer 36

Leaving bf treatment is completed

• does not inform staff
• leaves after MD has evaluated them
• if clinically serious attempt to call and police involvement may be required

Question 37

Documentation of care

Answer 37

not documented- not done
specific and complete in case comes up in court later.
-facility procedures met
-appropriate assessment/ monitoring
-problems identifies/interventions instituted
- reporting of condition change
-discharge teaching/understanding

Question 38

social issues

Answer 38

• poverty
• homelessness
• allocation of healthcare resources
• access to healthcare
• healthcare rationing
• violence

Question 39

cycle of poverty

Answer 39

• a child born into poverty is likely to be poor as an adult
• poor children are more likely to leave school bf graduation
• childbearing at an early age is common in the poor and can cause the cycle to continue

Question 40

Role of the Nurse

Answer 40

• care provider
• teacher
• collaborator
• researcher
• advocate
• manager of care

Question 41

family care interventions

Answer 41

-recognize that stress is temporary
-work together to find solutions
-develop new rules
expect that some stress is normal
feel accomplishment in successfully dealing with stress
-social support
-spiritual strategies
-open/honest communication
-humor/laughter

Question 42

layers of culture

Answer 42

TOP- behaviors 
history 
values
beliefs
religion