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pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

chlamydial conjunctivitis treatment

A

oral erythromycin

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2
Q

MCC of secondary HTN in children

A

fibromuscular dysplasia

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3
Q

cherry red macula + HSM and areflexia

A

Neiman-Pick disease

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4
Q

cherry red macula + hyperreflexia and no +HSM

A

Tay-Sachs

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5
Q

first step after meconium ileus is demonstrated on KUB

A

contrast enema

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6
Q

causes follicular conjunctivitis and neovascularization

A

trachoma (chlamydia serotypes A-C)

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7
Q

next step for BLL 45-79

A

chelation with succimer, DMSA

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8
Q

next step for BLL >70

A

chelation with DMSA and EDTA

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9
Q

androgen insensitivity syndrome treatment

A

gonadectomy after completion of puberty

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10
Q

herpangina presentation

A

gray vesicles on the tonsillar pillars and posterior oropharynx that progress to fibrin coated ulcerations

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11
Q

dyslipidemia screening in children

A

ages 9-11 and 17-21

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12
Q

MCC/treatment of unilateral cervical adenopathy

A

staph and strep; tx with clindamycin

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13
Q

presents with facial weakness, dysphagia, and difficulty releasing grip

A

myotonic dystrophy

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14
Q

MC sickle cell trait complication

A

hematuria due to renal papillary necrosis

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15
Q

Dx of Lyme disease

A

ELISA confirmed by western blot

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16
Q

NEC x-ray

A

air in bowel wall (train track appearance) –> pneumatosis intestinalis

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17
Q

first step after first UTI in child

A

get USG prior to VCUG

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18
Q

CBC diff with pertussis

A

lymphocyte predominant leukocytosis

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19
Q

Freidreich ataxia MCCOD

A

cardiomyopathy (concentric, hypertrophic)

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20
Q

McCune Albright syndrome

A

precocious puberty, cafe au lait spots, and multiple bone defects

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21
Q

Tx for ITP patient that has active mucosal bleeding

A

IVIG or steroids

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22
Q

antibodies in DM-1

A

antiglutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies

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23
Q

MCC/Tx of meningitis in kid with VP shunt

A

staph epi followed by staph aureus; Tx with vanc

24
Q

animal bite treatment

A

augmentin

25
Q

CHARGE association

A

colombomas, heart defects, channel atresia, retardation, GU abnormalities, ear abnormalities

26
Q

urticaria pigmentosa

A

mastocytosis presenting with disseminated hyper pigmented, oval-shaped macules that urticate when rubbed; resolves in months to years

27
Q

kid with bruising and suspected abuse

A

first get coag. studies then call CPS if normal

28
Q

Coagulation studies in Vit. K deficiency

A

PT and PTT prolonged; bleeding time and platelet counts are normal

29
Q

adrenoleukodystrophy

A

XLR disease preventing transport of VLCFAs into peroxisomes leading to accumulation; pts. present with neurologic deficits and adrenal insufficiency

30
Q

lack of response to cosyntropin stimulation test

A

adrenoleukodystrophy (causes adrenal insufficiency)

31
Q

cholesteatoma

A

small epithelium lined sac containing debris in children with recurrent ear infections; can lead to hearing loss

32
Q

Cornelia de Lang:

A

bushy eyebrows, hirsutism, limb defects, VSD, and MR

33
Q

Langerhan’s cell histiocytosis

A

chronic seborrheic dermatitis, lytic bone lesion with overlying calcium deposits and hypercalcemia

34
Q

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

A

eczema, infections, low platelets, eosinophilia, and elevated IgE and IgA

35
Q

1st step in hematemesis/melena in newborn

A

Apt-Downey test to check if its maternal blood

36
Q

TTN CXR

A

prominent vascular markings, fluid in fissures and hyperexpansion

37
Q

congenital rubella

A

IUGR, cataracts, microphthalmia, purple macular rash, structural heart defects

38
Q

congenital CMV

A

IUGR, HSM, jaundice, petechihae, chorioretinitis, intracranial calcifications (periventricular), hearing loss

39
Q

congenital toxoplasmosis

A

hydrocephalus, chorioretinitis, and intracranial calcifications (not periventricular)

40
Q

thrombocytopenia absent radium syndrome

A

low platelets, bilateral absence of radius, abnormally shaped thumbs, and cardiac lesions including TOF and ASD

41
Q

TGA CXR

A

egg on a string

42
Q

Dx of phrenic nerve paralysis

A

USG

43
Q

prune belly syndrome

A

lax abdominal wall, dilated urinary tract ,and intra-abdominal testicular tissue; associated with pulmonary complications hip dysplasia, and club feet, and malrotation

44
Q

SCD patients with stroke symptoms and no hemorrhage on CT/MRI

A

exchange transfusion

45
Q

Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon

A

platelet and RBC sequestration in large vascular tumors; causes thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy, and MAHA

46
Q

nevus simplex

A

stork bite

47
Q

nevus flamus

A

port wine stain

48
Q

hemangioma that does not resolve

A

infantile fibrosarcoma

49
Q

suspecting Hodgkins disease - first step

A

CXR to check for mediastinal mass

50
Q

gaucher’s disease

A

beta-glucocerebrosidase deficiency; BM shows engorged gaucher cells; erlenmeyer flask long bones

51
Q

morquio syndrome:

A

abnormal keratin accumulation leading to skeletal malformation (short trunk with marked slowing of growth, severe scoliosis, precuts carinatum, and short next

52
Q

Hurler syndrome

A

alpha-1-iduronidase deficiency; umbilical hernia, scoliosis, deafness, cloudy cornea, claw hand, HSM, coarse facial features, and hirsutism.

53
Q

Crouzon syndrome

A

craniosynostosis, proptosis, brachycephaly, hypertelorism, and strabismus, beak nose, mid face hypoplasia, high palate

54
Q

albright hereditary osteodystrophy (pseudohypoparathyroidism)

A

MR, brachydactyly in 4 and 5, obesity, round facies perivascular calcifications of basal ganglia, high PTH, low Ca, and high phos

55
Q

Menkes syndrome

A

low serum copper and ceruloplasm; kinky colorless hair, severe MR, chubby rosy cheeks

56
Q

Vit. D deficiency labs

A

low PO4 and normal Ca levels

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