pediatrics Flashcards
a child overall appearance reflects
adequacy of oxygenation, ventilation and perfusion.
What is the most reliable way to rapidly assess adequacy of perfusion?
assess circulation to the skin
regarding primary survey
- assessment and management occur simultaneously
- should be periodically repeated, particularly after major intervention or when a change in the patient’s condition is detected.
which tool should be used to assess a child’s breathing
pulse oximetry
(>94% → adequate oxygenation)
If the child is breathing adequately but is unresponsive after assessing ABCD with no other abnormal findings
place the patient in recovery position (lateral recumbent)
A weak central pulse may indicate
decompensated shock
in which part should CRT be done
the chest (to minimize impact of environmental factors)
formula for determining the lower limit of acceptable BP
minimal systolic blood pressure = 70 + [2 x age in years].
apnea is defined as
an unexplained episode of cessation of breathing for 20 seconds or longer, or a shorter respiratory pause associated with bradycardia, cyanosis, pallor, and/or marked hypotonia
most common cause of apnea in children
obstructive sleep apnea
first sign of compromised perfusion
weak pulse
grunting indicates
alveolar disease causing loss of functional residual capacity
mainstay for diagnosing acute mesenteric lymphadenitis
PAUS
short axis diameter > 5 ~ 8 mm
Bradycardia in children is defined as
< 60 BPM
Parenchymal pathology of the lungs in children causing respiratory distress is characterized by:
grunting
infant with chocolate-colored blood
Methemoglobinemia
* causes central cyanosis
** Diagnosis ** → Co-oximeter
* management → methylene blue infusion
cyanosis is not seen in
Sclera
in a respiratory distressed child, stridor is not present in
- intrapulmonary airway obstruction
- Parenchymal pathology
