Pediatric Upper GI problems (Tieman and Brandau) Flashcards
new born male
excessive drooling
difficulty with feedings
placing nasogastric tube is not successful
typical tracheoesophageal fistula
VACTRL?
Vertebral- spina bifida Anorectal Cardiac TE fistula Renal Limb problems
These are all associated with eachother if one is found
commonly occurs in infants with disabilities
may present as failure to thrive
may be esophageal symptoms or respiratory symptoms such as cough, pneumonia, and apnea spells
only symptom may be irritability
GERD
what are the 5 main causes of metabolic alkalosis
Loss of hydrogen ions -
Vomiting or nasogastric suction
Primary mineralocorticoid excess
Renal Hydrogen Loss - Primary mineralocorticoid excess Loop or thiazide diuretics Posthypercapnic alkalosis Hypercalcemia and the milk-alkali syndrome
Shift of hydrogen ions into intracellular space -
Hypokalemia.
Alkalotic agents -
Alkalotic agents in excess, such as bicarbonate or antacids.
Contraction alkalosis -
Due to loss of water in the extracellular space from diuretic use.
Sweat losses in cystic fibrosis
Villous adenoma or factitious diarrhea
Male predominance 4:1
multifactorial genetic component
cause is unknown
Cause is unknown but infant and maternal exposure to erythromycin has been identified
projectile vomiting
hypochloremia
metabolic alkalosis
pyloric stenosis
how is diagnosis of pyloric stenosis made
Diagnosis can be made by palpation of the pyloric olive or ultrasound***
enlarged pyloric sphincter
most common associated anomaly with duodenal atresia
trisomy 21
