Pediatric Trauma Flashcards
Based on size and shape of children why are they more likely to suffer multi-system injuries?
Smaller and forces are dissipated over smaller body surface area causing more damage. Also less fat, connective tissue, and closer proximity of organs can cause more damage
Based on BSA what happens to childrens body temperature?
They lose heat quicker and hypothermia can occur and complicate treatment
To maintain an airway in a child why is a pad placed underneath the child’s torso?
If the child’s head is not parallel with the board then the posterior pharynx has a tendency to buckle anteriorly with flexion and can make establishing an airway difficult. Thus placing the board under torso only helps keep it parallel
T/F
When placing an oral airway in a child you should place the airway in backward and rotate 180 degrees
No. You should insert it directly in children since there is additional risk of hemorrhage into soft tissue
Why is atropine occasionally given to children and infants prior to intubation?
They are more sensitive to vagal responses to intubation and may become bradycardic
When the intubated child begins to deteriorate what may be the cause? (Hint: 4; its a mnemonic)
Dislodgment
Obstruction
Pneuomthorax
Equipment
Don’t be a DOPE
What is normal respiratory rate for an infant?
Child?
Infant: 30-40 breaths/minute
Child: 15-20 breaths/minute
In a child with poor ventilation and perfusion who has a respiratory acidosis should you give sodium bicarbonate?
No, it can worsen hypercarbia and prognosis
It can take a loss of 30% of blood volume to cause a decrease in BP in children? What are the only real indicators of hypvolemia in a child?
Tachycardia and skin perfusion
What is a good formula for determining the mean systolic BP in kids?
90 + 2(age) is mean SBP
70 + 2(age) is lower limit of normal SBP
After two attempts at peripheral IV insertion what should you do to gain access in a child?
IO placement
If a child loses 25% of blood volume what amount of fluid resuscitation may be needed?
Three boluses of 20mL/kg (or total of 60mL/kg)
What is the UOP goal for infants? Children?
Infants: 2mL/kg/hr
Children: 1mL/kg/hr
