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Pediatric Test 2 > Pediatric Test > Flashcards

Pediatric Test Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Hueter-Volkman Principle?

A

Growth plates produce increased growth in response to tension & decreased growth in response to excessive compression.

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2
Q

What is Flexure Drift?

A

Bone remodeling where bone from the convex side of the bone moves to the surface of the concave side to straighten.

Happens in asymmetrical growth*

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3
Q

What is a normal angle of inclination?

A

120-135 degrees

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4
Q

What is Coxa vara?

A

Less than 120 degrees angle of inclination

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5
Q

What is Coxa valga?

A

Greater than 135 degrees angle of inclination

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6
Q

What is femoral torsion?

A

The angle formed by an axis drawn through the head and neck of the femur and an axis through the condyles.

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7
Q

What is Antetorsion?

A

Head and neck of the femur rotated forward

*Normal at birth. Can cause in-toeing

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8
Q

What is Retrotorsion?

A

Head and neck of the femur rotated backward

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9
Q

What is Femoral Version?

A

The position of the head of the femur in the acetabulum relative to the posterior pelvis (frontal plane)

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10
Q

What is Anteversion?

A

Positions the head of the femur anteriorly in the acetabulum resulting in external rotation of the thigh.

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11
Q

What is Retroversion?

A

Positions head of the femur posteriorly resulting in internal rotation of the thigh.

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12
Q

Feet flat is normal until what age?

A

4-5 years old

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13
Q

Gait matures during what age range?

A

1-7 years

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14
Q

What are indicators of mature gait and what age do you typically see them?

A
  1. ) Single-leg stance: adult value by age 3 ½ -4 yrs
  2. )Velocity: greatest increase from age 1 to 3 yrs
  3. ) Cadence: highest in new walkers with most rapid decrease from age 1-2 yrs.
  4. )Step length: increases throughout childhood. Greatest increase 1 to 4 years.
  5. )Pelvic span to ankle spread ratio: increase over time – narrowing BOS
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15
Q

What is Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome?

A

An abnormal collagen Type V

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16
Q

What are impairements of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome?

A
  • Developmental Delay
  • Hyper extensibility of the skin & joints
  • Scarring
  • Hernias
  • Easy bruising
  • Muscle hypotonia
  • Structural cardiac abnormalities
17
Q

What are activity limitations and participation restrictions of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome?

A
  • Avoid physical activities that put bones and joints at risk
  • May encounter social stigma
  • May limit choice of hobby or activities as isometric and strenuous weight-bearing exercise must be avoided
18
Q

Interventions for Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome?

A
  • Child and family education to minimize injury
  • Strengthening and fitness programs to reduce injuries
  • Pain management as needed
  • Assistive devices and functional training as needed
19
Q

What are impairments of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis?

A

ROM limitations, joint space narrowing and destruction.

20
Q

What are activity limitations and participation restrictions of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis?

A
  • May limit mobility and self care activities

- May impair handwriting

21
Q

What are interventions for Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis?

A
  • Child & Family Education
  • ROM
  • Strengthening & fitness programs
  • Pain management
  • Environmental & lifestyle modifications
  • Splinting
  • Assistive device & mobility aid selection
22
Q

What is Hemophilia?

A

Missing protein (clotting factor) required for blood clotting

23
Q

What are impairments of Hemophilia?

A
  • Joint destruction, leading to premature arthritis and chronic pain
  • Muscle disuse atrophy
  • ROM limitations
  • Potential nerve compression
  • If bleeding occurs in the brain, sensory, motor, or cognitive impairments may develop: If bleeding is severe death may results
24
Q

What are activity limitations and participation restrictions of Hemophilia?

A
  • Pain may lead to diminished interaction with peers and absence from work/school
  • Functional limitations due to pain and joint swelling

Pediatric Test 2 (1 decks)

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