Pediatric Shelf Flashcards
What are the risk factors for neonatal sepsis?
6
- Prematurity
- Chorioamnionitis
- Intrapartum fever
- Maternal leukocytosis
- Prolonged rupture of membranes (>18hrs)
- GBS+ mom
Treatment of neonatal sepsis? (2)
usually due to GBS, Listeria, and Ecoli
- Amp + gent until 48 hour b/c are neg
- Cefotaxime + AMP if meningitis is suspected
If you see in newborn: limb hypoplasia, cutaneous scars, cataracts, chorioretinitis, cortical atrophy what was the baby infected with?
Congenital Varicella – mother infected 1st or 2nd trimester. If mom is exposed 5 days before–2 days after delivery, baby gets VZIG.
52-VZ (roman numerals– David Box)
Treatment of Gonococcal conjunctivitis in Newborn?
topical erythromycin and IV 3rd gen ceph
Treatment of chlamydia conjunctivitis? Complications of infection? How does that present – clinical signs and CXR?
oral erythromycin.
Complication: Chlamydial pneumoia = cough, nasal drainage, scattered crackles and bilateral infiltrates on CXR
If you see on NB: Omphalocele, Rocker-bottom feet/hammer toe, microcephaly, and clenched hand
Edward’s Syndrome (Trisomy 18)
If you see on NB: holoprosencephaly, severe mental retardation and microcephaly, cleft lip/palate, multiple others
Patau’s syndrome (Trisomy 13)
14 yo old girl with no breast development, short stature, and HIGH FSH
Turner syndrome (high FSH because of "ovarian failure"-- streak ovaries)
Kid with: Mandibular hypoplasia, glossoptosis, cleft soft palate. W/ Fetal alcohol syndrome or Edwards
Pierre Robin sequence ( Bird facies)
- tongue falls back into throat: glossoptosis– airway obstruction caused by backwards displacement of tongue base.
Kid with: broad, square face, short stature, self-injurious behavior. deletion of chr 17.
Smith Magenis
IUGR, hypertonia, distinctive facies, limb malformation, self-injurous behavior, hyperactive
Cornelia de Lange
Autosomal dominant, or associated with advanced paternal age. Short palpebral fissures, white forelock and deafness
Waardenburg syndrome
contraindications for MMR vaccine?
Neomycin or streptomycin allergy
Systolic murmur, 2/6, soft, vibratory and musical, heard best at lower mid-sternum. If patient sits up or stands up, murmur disappears.
Stills murmur
- 2-6 year olds, sometimes infants, sometimes older
Murmur heard best in anterior neck, disappears when jugular vein is compressed; blowing, roaring, wheezing, distant-sounding continuous murmur with diastolic accentuation.
Venous hum
-2-6 years old, rarely younger
Cyanosis at birth with holosytolic murmur, depends on VSD or ASD for life. EKG shows LVH
Tricuspid Atresia
- give PGE1 until surgery
Fine, mac-papular desquamating rash begins on chest and spreads to neck, trunk, and extremities + strawberry tongue. Sore throat 1-2 weeks prior. What is this an how do you treat it?
Scarlett fever – Group A strep
Tx: Penicillin prevents rheumatic fever ( won’t help reduce change of APSGN – acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis)
Treatment of lyme for a kid 8yo
8 yo = doxycycline
If meningitis = IV ceftriaxone
Treatment of scabies?
5 % permetrin for whole family
Treatment of impetigo
topical muciprocin if localized
Treatment for Staph scaled skin syndrome from exfoliative toxin
IV oxacillin or naficillin
Inflamed conjunctiva and multiple blisters with positive Nikolay’s sign is what kid of illness?
Staph scalded skin syndrome
vaccination and prophylaxis for Sickle cell patients
23 valent pneumococcal vaccine at age 2.
Hib and N. meningitides.
Penicillin prophylaxis from 2 mo until age 6 years.
treatment of HUS
early peritoneal dialysis w/ aggressive nutrition (TPN)
Treatment of RSV? (2)
Ribavirin ( inhibits synthesis of guanine nucleotides by competitively
Palivizumab – monoclonal antibody used for prophylaxis in children especially those
