Pediatric Rehab Flashcards
What is the most common connective tissue disease in children?
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (formerly known as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis - JRA)
JIA = arthritis lasting > 6 weeks with onset < 16yo
RA = onset of symptoms > 16yo
Anterior uveitis (including iridocyclitis) is most common in which types of JIA?
Oligoarticular (50%)
Enthesitis-related
Systemic (10-20%)
5-8% of children with systemic JIA develop what hematological complication?
Macrophage activation syndrome (fever, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly); abnormal labs including a large decreased in > 1 blood cell line, elevated LFTs, coaguloapthies
Routinely screen for fibrinogen and ferritin to monitor active disease
What are the 11 diagnostic criteria for SLE?
Malar rash
Discoid lupus rash
photosensitivity
Oral or nasal mucocutaneous ulceration
Nonerosive arthritis
Nephritis
Encephalopathy
Pleuritis or pericarditis
Cytopenia
Positive immunoserology (LE cells, anti-native DNA Abs, anti-Sm Abs)
Positive ANA titer
Presence of 4 criteria has 90% sensitivity and 98% specificity
clinical features of juvenile dermatomyositis?
calcinosis of soft tissues (muscle, subcutaneous skin), lipodystrophy, higher incidence in girls (typically 5-14yo); histologic presence of vasculitis
Diagnostic features of juvenile dermatomyositis?
Proximal muscle weakness, periorbital heliotropic rash, elevated CK, EMG evidence of inflammatory myopathy, muscle bx - vasculitis or chronic inflammation
What is the Jones Criteria for Rheumatic Fever?
Two of the major criteria, or one major and two minor criteria w/ evidence of preceding streptococcal infection (throat cx, rapid strep antigen, elevated strep Ab):
Major Criteria:
J = joints (polyarthritis)
<3 = carditis (also valvular damage, myocarditis/pericarditis)
N = nodules, subcutaneous
E = erythema marginatum
S = sydenham chorea
Minor Criteria:
fever, arthralgia, elevated ESR/CRP, prolonged PT interval
Hallmark of hemophilia?
Hemarthrosis - may be induced by minor trauma, but can also occur spontaneously
