Pediatric Questions Flashcards
German Measles is also known as
Rubella
Bruises may be purple, green, yellow, and brown. How many days old is a yellow bruise?
Purple- 1-5 days, Green 5-7 days, yellow 7-10 days, brown 10-14 days
Pain with movement of the pinna or tragus should make you think of what diagnosis?
otitis externa
what is the first line treatment for pertussis?
Erythomycin
By what age should a child be able to hold up her head?
3 months
a salter harris type 1 fracture affects what area of the bone?
only the physis (growth plate)
By what age should a child be able to sit up?
6 months
A 15-year-old overweight boy presents to your office limping with knee pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
A premature infant with hyaline membrane disease will have what appearance on chest x-ray
Bilateral atelectasis or groundglass appearance
Atypical or walking pneumonia is caused by what pathogen?
Mycoplasma
What anabiotic is the first line treatment for mycoplasma pneumonia?
A macrolide, erythromycin or azithromycin
A patient is having seizures along with a mouse like odor from the urine. What diagnosis should you be thinking of?
Phenylketonuria
The description of a dewdrop on a rose petal should make you think of what diagnosis?
Chickenpox
By what age should a child be able to kick a ball?
24 months
A child with a fever lasting longer than five days should make you think of what diagnosis?
Kawasaki syndrome
A widely split fixed S2 should make you think of what diagnosis?
Atrial septal defect
Nasal polyps should make you think of what diagnosis?
Cystic fibrosis
In order to diagnose rheumatic fever what one thing must you have?
Evidence of a strep infection either positive titer or positive culture. In addition to that you need 2 major criteria or 1 major and 2 minor criteria
Forcheimer spots are associated with what disease?
Rubella
A Salter-Harris type three fracture affects what area of the bone?
The physis (growth plate) as well as the epiphysis
A lacy pink rash on the face of a child should make you think of what diagnosis?
Erythema infectiosum a.k.a. fifth disease a.k.a. slapped cheek
Unilateral purulent rhinitis should make you think of what diagnosis?
Foreign body
What is the medical term for cross eyed?
Strabismus
What organism is the most common cause of a Otitis media?
Strep pneumonia
At what age should a child begin to say mama and dadda
12 months
Which heart valve is most associated with rheumatic fever?
Mitral
You hear a loud harsh holosystolic murmur in a child. It is best at the LLSB. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Ventricular septal defect
A child presents with paroxysmal abd pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Intussusception
Is an upper respiratory infection which includes hoarseness most likely bacterial or viral?
Viral
At what age should a child begin to feed himself?
6 months
Current jelly stool should make you think of what diagnosis?
Intussusception
Describe Barlow’s test
Adduct and internal rotation of the hips
A chest x-ray findings of notched ribs in a child should make you think of what diagnosis?
Coarctation of the aorta
How long should you wait for a swallowed marble to pass through the body before considering surgery?
24 hours
A four-year-old boy presents between October and March with wheezing, coughing, runny nose and increased respiratory rate. What is the most likely pathogen?
Respiratory syncytial virus
Describe the pattern of weight gain in an infant over the following time periods: week one, 6 months, 12 months, 3 years old and 4 years old
Newborns lose 10% of their birth weight initially but are back to birthweight at 10 days, 6m=2x birth weight, 12m= 3x birth weight, 3y/o= 30 lbs and 30 inches, 4 y/o= 40lbs and 40 inches
What is the medical term for lazy eye?
Amblyopia
A patient presents with a staccato cough but no fever. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Chlamydia pneumoniae
What is the most serious complication of Kawasaki syndrome?
Aortic aneurysm
A musical vibratory murmur best heard at the apex in a child she make you think of what diagnosis?
Stills murmur
A palpable olive-shaped epigastric mass in a one month old should make you think of what diagnosis?
Pyloric stenosis
At what age should a child be able to use a spoon in stack 3 to 4 blocks?
18 months
What is the x-ray finding that supports diagnosis of a slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Ice cream falling off the cone
Which viral exanthem often has conjunctivitis as one of its symptoms?
Measles/ rubeola
What is the most common congenital heart defect?
Ventricular septal defect
A boot shaped heart on chest x-ray should make you think of what diagnosis?
Tetralogy of Fallot
During a physical exam of a child, you feel a tubular or sausage shaped mass. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Intussusception
What is the treatment for a volvulus in a child?
Barium enema
By what age should a child be able to roll over?
4 months
What is pertussis more commonly referred to as?
Whooping cough
Pale and boggy nasal mucosa should make you think of what diagnosis?
Allergic rhinitis
List the five major Jones criteria for diagnosing rheumatic fever
Polyarthritis, carditis, subcuticular nodes, erythema marginatum, Chorea
Describe erythema marginatum
Pink rings on the trunk and inner surfaces of the limbs
A child with bulky greasy stool should make you think of what diagnosis?
Cystic fibrosis
At what age should an infant be cooing?
2 months
What is the most common cause of an upper respiratory tract infection?
Rhinovirus
Koplik spots are white clustered lesions on the buccal mucosa. What virus are they pathognomonic for?
Measles / rubeola
What is the first line anabiotic for a Otitis media?
Amoxicillin
How do you treat a patient with respiratory syncytial virus
Albuterol, steroids and fluids
A child presents with painful ulcers in his mouth, on physical exam you find more of the same type of ulcers on his feet and hands. What virus is most likely causing the symptoms?
Coxsackie virus
What is the gold standard for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis?
Sweat chloride test
By what age should a child be able to walk?
12 months
If you believe there may be a foreign body obstructing a child breathing what type of chest x-ray should you order?
Expiratory view looking for hyperinflation due to air trapping
