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Peds > Pediatric Infectious Dz > Flashcards

Pediatric Infectious Dz Flashcards

1
Q

URI also known as

A

common cold

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2
Q

normal number of URI/year

A

8-12

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3
Q

daycare increases the URI by

A

50% more

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4
Q

1 pathogen for URI

A

rhinovirus (2nd and 3rd: adenovirus and coronavirus)

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5
Q

sx a/w rhinovirus

A

URI sx, usually no GI sx

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6
Q

sx a/w adenovirus

A

URI sx + conjunctivitis +/1 diarrhea

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7
Q

URI course

A

sx develop 2-3 days post exposure, last up to 2 weeks

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8
Q

complications of URI

A

AOM, pneumonia

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9
Q

tx of URI

A

self limiting, symptomatic (fluid, saline nasal, bulb-syringe nasal, cool mist humidifier)

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10
Q

OTC treatment for URI

A
  1. acetaminophen for >3mo, ibuprofen >7mo

2. cough/cold preps: do not use pt <6yo, 6-12yo: single ingredient only

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11
Q

seborrheic dermatitis

A

cradle cap: yellow greasy scales on scalp

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12
Q

pathogen causing cradle cap

A

+/- colonization of Malessezia yeast

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13
Q

tx of cradle cap

A

conservative, self limited may try frequent shampooing, small amount of mineral oil followed by gentle brushing

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14
Q

persistent/severe cases of cradle cap

A

r/o tinea capitis (fungal which is requires antifungal therapy)

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15
Q

enterobiasis (pinworms) sx

A

usually asymptomatic,anal itching, excoriation in perianal area

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16
Q

pinworms: anal itching characteristic

A

at night

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17
Q

how pinworms transmitted ?

A

eggs under fingernails –> transmission

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18
Q

pinworms dx

A

scotch tape test

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19
Q

tx of pinworms

A

mebendazole (vermox), treat the whole family, wash bedding in hot water.

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20
Q

prevention of pinworms

A

hand washing, clip nails short, avoid scratching the anus

21
Q

diaper dermatitis types (3)

A

irritant dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, candidal dermatitis (yeast)

22
Q

diaper dermatitis -irritant

A

skin irritated by friction + contact with urine/stool soaked diaper

23
Q

sx of diaper dermatitis-irritant

A

classic pattern rash that SPARES SKIN FOLDS

24
Q

diaper dermatitis-allergic contact dermatitis

A

less common, look for other si/sx of atopy

25
Q

diaper dermatitis-candidal dermatitis

A

follows irritant dermatitis; colonization with yeast, INVOLVES SKIN FOLDS, beefy red moist erythema, satellite lesions

26
Q

which diaper dermatitis spares skin folds?

27
Q

beefy red moist erythema and satellite lesions are a/w?

A

candidal diaper dermatitis

28
Q

tx of IRRITANT diaper dermatitis

A

moister barrier: creams, no OTC abx ointment, air

29
Q

tx of ALLERGIC diaper dermatitis

A

moister barrier, change diaper type + identify allergy

30
Q

tx of CANDIDAL diaper dermatitis

A

moister barrier: creams, no OTC abx ointment, air, antifungal cream: clotrimAZOLE

31
Q

pediculus capitis

32
Q

pathogens of head lice

A

obligate ectoparasites : live on human, feed on human blood, infest the socially active (school children 3-12 yo)

33
Q

clinical presentation of head lice

A

typically asymptomatic, itching of scalp, neck, ears, hx of close contact w/infected individual

34
Q

tx of head lice (pediculus capitis)

A

< 2 mo: mechanical removal +supportive measures

>= 2 mo: pediculicide (permethrin or pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide )

35
Q

how to apply pediculus

A

at days 0 and 9 or days 0,7, and 13 to 15 as these products are NOT ovicidal

36
Q

hand foot mouth ( HF&M) dz caused by this pathogen

A

coxsackievirus

37
Q

HF&M dz sx

A

fever, oral lesion (buccal mucosa/tongue, palate/peritonsillar area), lesions of the hands &feet , occasionally on buttocks/genitals

38
Q

HF&M tx

A

HYDRATION : popsicles
IBU or APAP for fever/discomfort
Caution w/topical oral analgesics (anbesol, orajel)

39
Q

Impetigo types

A

non-bullous –COMMON

bullous –RARE

40
Q

Impetigo pathogen

A

staph aureus ( mostly)

41
Q

where on body impetigo occur?

A

areas of trauma : nasal passages and corner of mouth

42
Q

impetigo appearance

A

start as vesicles, rupture results in HONEY COLORED CRUST

43
Q

tx of impetigo

A

topical abx (mupirocin cream)

44
Q

erythema infectiosum (fifth dz) caused by

A

human parvovirus B-19

45
Q

fifth dz sx

A

initial: fever, cough, ha, n/v

2-5 days later: SLAPPED CHEEKS w/ circumoral pallor, LACE-LIKE RASH (trunk/limbs) follows slapped cheeks

46
Q

tx of fifth dz

A

supportive

47
Q

oral candidiasis (thrush) caused by

A

candida albicans yeast (infection of oral mucosa)

48
Q

thrush sx

A

adherent while plaques (r/o milk residue), underlying mucosa is reddened and friable, decreased feeding (painful)

49
Q

thrush tx

A

Nystatin suspension, treat MOM PRN

Peds (8 decks)

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