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Pediatric Infectious Dz Flashcards

1
Q

URI also known as

A

common cold

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2
Q

normal number of URI/year

A

8-12

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3
Q

daycare increases the URI by

A

50% more

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4
Q

1 pathogen for URI

A

rhinovirus (2nd and 3rd: adenovirus and coronavirus)

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5
Q

sx a/w rhinovirus

A

URI sx, usually no GI sx

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6
Q

sx a/w adenovirus

A

URI sx + conjunctivitis +/1 diarrhea

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7
Q

URI course

A

sx develop 2-3 days post exposure, last up to 2 weeks

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8
Q

complications of URI

A

AOM, pneumonia

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9
Q

tx of URI

A

self limiting, symptomatic (fluid, saline nasal, bulb-syringe nasal, cool mist humidifier)

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10
Q

OTC treatment for URI

A
  1. acetaminophen for >3mo, ibuprofen >7mo

2. cough/cold preps: do not use pt <6yo, 6-12yo: single ingredient only

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11
Q

seborrheic dermatitis

A

cradle cap: yellow greasy scales on scalp

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12
Q

pathogen causing cradle cap

A

+/- colonization of Malessezia yeast

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13
Q

tx of cradle cap

A

conservative, self limited may try frequent shampooing, small amount of mineral oil followed by gentle brushing

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14
Q

persistent/severe cases of cradle cap

A

r/o tinea capitis (fungal which is requires antifungal therapy)

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15
Q

enterobiasis (pinworms) sx

A

usually asymptomatic,anal itching, excoriation in perianal area

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16
Q

pinworms: anal itching characteristic

A

at night

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17
Q

how pinworms transmitted ?

A

eggs under fingernails –> transmission

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18
Q

pinworms dx

A

scotch tape test

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19
Q

tx of pinworms

A

mebendazole (vermox), treat the whole family, wash bedding in hot water.

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20
Q

prevention of pinworms

A

hand washing, clip nails short, avoid scratching the anus

21
Q

diaper dermatitis types (3)

A

irritant dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, candidal dermatitis (yeast)

22
Q

diaper dermatitis -irritant

A

skin irritated by friction + contact with urine/stool soaked diaper

23
Q

sx of diaper dermatitis-irritant

A

classic pattern rash that SPARES SKIN FOLDS

24
Q

diaper dermatitis-allergic contact dermatitis

A

less common, look for other si/sx of atopy

25
diaper dermatitis-candidal dermatitis
follows irritant dermatitis; colonization with yeast, INVOLVES SKIN FOLDS, beefy red moist erythema, satellite lesions
26
which diaper dermatitis spares skin folds?
Irritant
27
beefy red moist erythema and satellite lesions are a/w?
candidal diaper dermatitis
28
tx of IRRITANT diaper dermatitis
moister barrier: creams, no OTC abx ointment, air
29
tx of ALLERGIC diaper dermatitis
moister barrier, change diaper type + identify allergy
30
tx of CANDIDAL diaper dermatitis
moister barrier: creams, no OTC abx ointment, air, antifungal cream: clotrimAZOLE
31
pediculus capitis
head lice
32
pathogens of head lice
obligate ectoparasites : live on human, feed on human blood, infest the socially active (school children 3-12 yo)
33
clinical presentation of head lice
typically asymptomatic, itching of scalp, neck, ears, hx of close contact w/infected individual
34
tx of head lice (pediculus capitis)
< 2 mo: mechanical removal +supportive measures | >= 2 mo: pediculicide (permethrin or pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide )
35
how to apply pediculus
at days 0 and 9 or days 0,7, and 13 to 15 as these products are NOT ovicidal
36
hand foot mouth ( HF&M) dz caused by this pathogen
coxsackievirus
37
HF&M dz sx
fever, oral lesion (buccal mucosa/tongue, palate/peritonsillar area), lesions of the hands &feet , occasionally on buttocks/genitals
38
HF&M tx
HYDRATION : popsicles IBU or APAP for fever/discomfort Caution w/topical oral analgesics (anbesol, orajel)
39
Impetigo types
non-bullous --COMMON | bullous --RARE
40
Impetigo pathogen
staph aureus ( mostly)
41
where on body impetigo occur?
areas of trauma : nasal passages and corner of mouth
42
impetigo appearance
start as vesicles, rupture results in HONEY COLORED CRUST
43
tx of impetigo
topical abx (mupirocin cream)
44
erythema infectiosum (fifth dz) caused by
human parvovirus B-19
45
fifth dz sx
initial: fever, cough, ha, n/v | 2-5 days later: SLAPPED CHEEKS w/ circumoral pallor, LACE-LIKE RASH (trunk/limbs) follows slapped cheeks
46
tx of fifth dz
supportive
47
oral candidiasis (thrush) caused by
candida albicans yeast (infection of oral mucosa)
48
thrush sx
adherent while plaques (r/o milk residue), underlying mucosa is reddened and friable, decreased feeding (painful)
49
thrush tx
Nystatin suspension, treat MOM PRN

Peds (8 decks)

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